鼠李糖脂生物表面活性剂在稠油降黏中的应用初探  

Application of rhamnolipid biosurfactant in heavy oil viscosity reduction

作　　者：包木太[1] 崔东阳[1] 梁生康[1] 曹秋芳[2] 孙克己[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海洋化学理论与工程技术教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266100 [2]中国石油化工股份有限公司胜利油田分公司采油工艺研究院,山东东营257000

出　　处：《现代化工》2009年第S2期138-140,共3页Modern Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(50604013);"十一五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAB04B02)

摘　　要：对从胜利油田分离到的一株铜绿假单胞菌代谢的鼠李糖脂生物表面活性剂的理化性质包括CMC值、乳化活性、对温度、矿化度的稳定性、降低油水表面张力能力等以及其对原油的降黏作用进行了测定。结果表明,该生物表面活性剂可耐高温和高浓度盐,pH应用范围广,对原油具有较强的乳化、增溶、脱附和降黏作用,体积含量为40%的发酵液能与陈庄稠油形成稳定的O/W型乳状液,使原油黏度由2577 mPa.s降低到927 mPa.s,降黏率为64.02%。The physicochemical properties of rhamnolipid biosurfactant generated by a Pseudomonas aeruginosa from Shengli Oilfield,such as critical micelle concentration value,emulsification value,stability to salinity and temperature,ability to reduce the surface tension and viscosity of the petroleum are measured.It can resist high temperature,high concentration of NaCl,and fit a wide range of pH.At the same time,it also has the ability for solubilizing petroleum and helping the petroleum break off from rock as well as decreasing viscosity of the petroleum.The fermentation broth with volume content of 40% can form stable O/W emulsion with Chenzhuang thick oil by reducing the viscosity of the crude oil from 2577 mPa·s to 927 mPa·s.The viscosity reduction efficiency can achieve 64.02%.

关 键 词：生物表面活性剂 鼠李糖脂 降黏 表面张力 稠油 

分 类 号：TE345[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]