纳米磁性固体碱催化剂用于合成生物柴油的研究  

Nano-magnetic solid basic catalyst for producing biodiesel

作　　者：刘畅[1,2] 颜芳[1] 罗文[1] 吕鹏梅[1] 袁振宏[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院广州能源研究所中国科学院可再生能源与天然气水合物重点实验室广东省新能源和可再生能源研究开发与应用重点实验室,广东广州510640 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100039

出　　处：《现代化工》2009年第S2期167-171,共5页Modern Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家"863"计划项目(2007AA05Z412);广东省科技成果推广项目(2008B040200003)

摘　　要：分别以Na2CO3和NaOH为沉淀剂将CaO负载在Fe3O4磁核上后经过高温煅烧制备出纳米磁性固体碱催化剂,研究了不同的Ca2+与Fe3O4的摩尔比对催化剂催化合成生物柴油反应活性的影响。发现当Ca2+与Fe3O4的摩尔比例达到7∶1时的催化活性最高;以Ca(OH)2-Fe3O4为前驱体的催化剂的催化活性高于相同条件下制备的以CaCO3-Fe3O4为前驱体的催化剂;最佳催化剂以油质量2%的用量,在反应温度70℃,醇油摩尔比为15∶1的条件下,催化生物柴油转酯化反应,80 min后转酯化率达到95%以上,最高转酯化率高达99%。其催化效率和回收率远高于CaO催化剂。采用热重差热分析确定了催化剂前驱体的煅烧温度,分析发现CaO与Fe3O4形成了新的金属复合氧化物Ca2Fe2O5。Nano-magnetic solid basic catalysts are prepared by loading CaO on Fe3O4 with Na2CO3 and NaOH as precipitator respectively.And the effect between the catalytic activity of the transesterification and the proportion of Ca2+ and Fe3O4 has been studied.The catalysts with best catalytic activity can be obtained when the proportion of Ca2+ and Fe3O4 is 7∶1;the catalytic activity of the catalyst calcined from Ca(OH)2-Fe3O4 is better than that from CaCO3-Fe3O4;under the conditions of methanol to oil molar ratio of 15 and the catalyst dosage of 2% to oil mass at 70℃,the biodiesel yield can reach 95% in 80 min,even to 99% eventually.The catalytic activity in transesterification and recovery rate of the nano-magnetic solid basic catalysts are much better than those of CaO.Calcining temperature is determined by differential thermogravimetric analysis,which finds a kind of new metal multiple oxide,Ca2Fe2O5.

关 键 词：生物柴油 转酯化 纳米 磁性 固体碱 

分 类 号：TE667[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]