原油中氯的危害、来源及分布规律研究  

Harm,origin and distribution of chlorides in crude oil

作　　者：樊秀菊[1] 朱建华[1] 宋海峰[1] 武本成[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(北京)化学科学与工程学院,北京102249

出　　处：《现代化工》2009年第S1期340-343,共4页Modern Chemical Industry

摘　　要：原油中的氯主要包括无机氯化物和有机氯化物,其危害主要体现在设备的腐蚀、铵盐堵塞以及催化剂中毒等,无机氯化物主要来自采油过程中所含的无机盐,有机氯化物主要可能来自采油过程中添加的含氯助剂。为了对原油中的氯进行进一步分析,从辽河石化东蒸馏装置以及西蒸馏装置取样,利用微库仑滴定仪测定了原油/馏分油中氯的含量,结合其收率利用配分计算得出了这2套装置原油/馏分油中氯的分布规律。结果表明,东蒸馏装置中的氯主要以无机氯化物居多,占总氯含量的62.13%,有机氯则占总氯的37.87%,而西蒸馏装置原油中的氯则以有机氯化物居多,占总氯的72.14%,无机氯化物仅占总氯的27.86%;东、西蒸馏装置原油中的氯都分布在原油的所有馏分中,主要富集在重组分中,轻馏分中的氯相对较少。The harm of inorganic chloride and organic chloride in crude oil embodies on the equipment corrosion,pipeline blockage and catalyst poison.The inorganic chlorides exist mainly in the salt forms of alkali and/or alkaline-earth metal,and the additives containing chlorides which are used in oil recovery are probably the primary source of organic chlorides in crude oil.To further analyzing the cholide in crude oil,the determination of chlorine content in Liaohe crude oil of east distillation and that of west distillation unit is carried out by microcoulometric titration.The chlorine distribution laws in the crude oil or fraction oil of the two distillation units are calculated.The analysis results demonstrate that most of the chlorides in crude oil of east distillation unit are inorganic chloride,62.13% inorganic chloride and 37.87% organic chloride.Most of the chlorines in crude oil of west distillation unit are organic chloride,72.14% organic chloride and 27.86% inorganic chloride.For the two distillation units,chlorines distribute in all crude oil fractions,and mainly in the heavy fractions.

关 键 词：氯 危害 来源 分布 

分 类 号：TE622.12[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]