岩牡蛎和长牡蛎杂交的受精细胞学观察  

Cytological Observations on Nuclear Behavior in the Eggs of Reciprocal Hybrid Crosses Between Crassostrea gigas and C.nippona

作　　者：滕爽爽[1] 李琪[1] 孔令峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学水产学院,山东青岛266003

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2009年第S1期338-342,共5页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划项目(2006AA10A409);国家科技支撑计划(2006BAD09A01)资助

摘　　要：实验利用DAPI染色观察了岩牡蛎和长牡蛎正反杂交的受精卵在受精过程,减数分裂和早期卵裂的核相变化。结果表明,长牡蛎精子进入岩牡蛎成熟卵子后,激活卵子完成2次成熟分裂,同时,精核出现了2次明显的体积膨大扩散过程。第一次为精子刚入卵时,精核由固缩状态略微膨大去浓缩成为圆球形;另一次为第2次减数分裂之后,精核迅速扩散形成雄性原核,几乎与雌性原核同时形成。在长牡蛎♀×岩牡蛎♂反交组中,受精卵内核行为的变化与正交组相同。正反交组的胚胎发育过程都具有明显的不同步现象,正交组的发育进程比反交组滞后。In order to investigate the cytological mechanism of fertilization of reciprocal hybrid crosses between Crassostrea gigas and C.nippona,meiosis and early development were observed under a fluorescence microscope with DAPI staining.The results obtained in this study demonstrated that the eggs of C.nippona initiated the resumption of meiotic maturation,following the incorporation of C.gigas sperm into the egg cytoplasm of C.nippona.During the meiotic process of the maternal chromosomes,sperm nuclei enlarged at three distinct phases.Sperm nuclei underwent a rapid,initial enlargement during metaphase I, but condensed slightly during polar body formation,then re-enlarged during female pronuclear development.In a few eggs,sperm nucleus formed no chromosome,unlike the female pronucleus,but became a dense chromatin body(DCB),which did not participate in the karyokinesis at anaphase of the first cleavage.A similar phenomenon was also seen in the hybrid cross between female C.gigas and male C.nippona,but no eggs gynogenetically developed.Asynchronism of egg development was remarkable in the two hybrid crosses.The developmental progress of the cross C.nippona ♀× C.gigas ♂was delayed compared with that of the cross C.gigas ♀× C.nippona♂.

关 键 词：长牡蛎 岩牡蛎 杂交 细胞学观察 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]