卫星水汽图像和位势涡度场在强对流天气分析中的应用  

Application of satellite water vapor imagery and potential vorticity field on convection weather analysis

作　　者：刘开宇 李丽 张云瑾[2] 田军[3] 

机构地区：[1]民航贵州空管分局,贵州贵阳550012 [2]云南大学资环学院,云南昆明650091 [3]民航河南空管分局,河南郑州451161

出　　处：《云南大学学报（自然科学版）》2009年第S2期434-437,442+576,共6页Journal of Yunnan University(Natural Sciences Edition)

摘　　要：水汽图像可实时观测高空大气环流,从而跟踪高空动力学条件的演变,而位涡结构和水汽特征有很好的对应关系.将卫星水汽图像和位涡理论相结合对2008年5月26日贵州省的暴雨过程进行分析,试图为水汽图像的解释提供一种研究大气动力过程的途径.结果表明:对流层高层及平流层的高位涡下传,即对流层顶动力异常,改变了对流层的结构,引起垂直运动,对于位势不稳定能量的储存和释放十分有利,是造成此次暴雨的重要原因.动力干带是水汽图像上十分重要的暗区,当与强烈下沉运动以及对流层顶动力异常相对应的动力干带入侵暖湿不稳定环境时常触发对流系统并使之发展,而动力干带的断裂预示着对流系统的减弱和消失.水汽图像的动画有助于了解高空湿气流的演变,从而有利于跟踪高空动力学条件的演变.将通过诊断分析得到的动力场和水汽图像中观测到的动力场进行对比,为强对流天气的预报提供了另一种途径.By using water vapor imagery that it can observe atmospheric circulation on time to follow up the evolvement of dynamic condition of high,it has good corresponding connection between potential vorticity and water vapor character.An analysis for the heavy rain processes of Guizhou Province on 26 May of 2008,based on the water vapor imagery and potential vorticity,trying to find a method that it use water vapor imagery to study atmospheric dynamic processes.The result shows that high MPV spreads downward from the upper troposphere or stratosphere,which means that the top of troposphere is abnormal,and change the structure of troposphere,to cause vertical motion,helps the releasing of potential instability energy,it is the important reason to cause this heavy rain.Dynamical dry strap is the important dark area on water vapor imagery.When dynamical dry strap with strong subsidence motion and dynamical abnormal top of troposphere enters into warm wet and instability condition,it will make convection system progress.Broken dynamical dry strap means convection system weaken and disappear.The movie of water vapor imagery is useful to know the evolvement of wet stream and dynamical condition of high.By contrasting two sorts of dynamical field which is obtained by diagnosis analysis and observed by water vapor imagery,it will afford another method to forecast convection weather.

关 键 词：位涡 水汽图像 动力干带 

分 类 号：P458.121.1[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]