网络分析法在城市绿网优化中的应用  

Analytic Network Process in Urban Green Space Optimization

作　　者：龚清宇[1] 谭晓鸽[1] 钟学丽[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津大学建筑学院,天津300072

出　　处：《城市环境与城市生态》2008年第4期10-13,17,共5页Urban Environment & Urban Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50308017;50778124)

摘　　要：2005-2020年天津总规之绿地系统规划(总规绿网),由于缺乏绿网优化配置,其生态效益仍将不尽如人意。为此,采用图论和网络分析法(ANP),构建、评价了4个具有不同连接度和生态水平的绿网方案。ANP模型计算结果表明,绿网4最大化地利用现状和潜在廊道、连接各斑块,效益排序最优,成本次优,综合效益最高,且敏感度分析证明当效益与成本比大于0.25时,首位排序稳定。协调土地利用与交通等相关规划要素,给出基于网络4的绿地系统规划方案,为总规绿网优化提供依据。ANP适用于多目标、多因子、多方案决策,可解决以往网络指数与景观指数分离问题,实现不同顶点位置的网络评价,是绿网优化的有力工具。While the latest version of Green Space Planning of Tianjin(2005-2020,GSP05) based on basic principles of landscape ecology may increase the quantity and quality of the overall green areas,the lack of configuring the greenway network makes it still unsatisfactory in ecological efficiency.In optimizing the urban green space planning,4 greenway network alternatives of various connectivity and ecological potential were schemed out and evaluated by using the graph theory and Analytic Network Process(ANP).The Network 4(N4) that maximizes the patches connectivity through the existing and potential greenways achieved a far better performance than GSP05.The rating of the network alternatives was obtained via an ANP model,which verified that N4 was of the highest synthesized priority in terms of benefits and cost.Sensitivity experiment further indicated that the ranking of N4 was reliable.Finally,an N4-based green space design was proposed by combining other relevant planning components such as land-uses and transportation.Thus,N4 could be used as a prototype for amending the GSP05.Incorporating multi-criteria into network assessment and bridging the gap between the network and landscape metrics,the ANP was able to evaluate the graphs with different vertices and be an effective tool in greenway network optimization.

关 键 词：绿地系统规划 网络分析法(ANP) 绿网结构 优化 天津中心城市 

分 类 号：TU985[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]