长江中下游部分城市岸段沉积物中重金属的生物可利用性特征分布  

Biological Availability Distribution Characteristics of Heavy Metals in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River

作　　者：孙玮玮[1] 陈振楼[1] 王东启[1,2] 毕春娟[1] 许世远[1] 胡蓓蓓[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学资源与环境科学学院,上海200062 [2]华东师范大学生命科学学院,上海200062

出　　处：《城市环境与城市生态》2008年第6期15-19,共5页Urban Environment & Urban Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40730526;40701164);上海市海洋局908专项(HAD2);上海市"十一五"重大科技攻关项目(07DZ12037);上海市环保局招标项目;中国博士后科学基金资助项目(20060400635)

摘　　要：2007年10月对长江中下游部分城市岸段河道底质和边滩共31个站位沉积物中酸可挥发性硫化物(AVS)和4种同时可提取态重金属(SEM)含量及其空间分布特征进行了研究,结果表明:河道底质中∑SEM浓度范围为0.20～0.94μmol/g,平均值为0.45μmol/g;AVS浓度范围为0.01～0.08μmol/g,平均值为0.03μmol/g。边滩沉积物中∑SEM浓度范围为0.35～1.57μmol/g,平均值为0.91μmol/g;AVS浓度范围为0.01～0.14μmol/g,平均值为0.04μmol/g。沉积物中∑SEM与有机碳(R=0.714,p≈0.000)、含水率(R=0.401,p=0.025)和Eh(R=0.368,p=0.042)呈显著正相关关系,而AVS与各个环境因子并不存在显著相关性;依据不同的生物有效性评价方法对沉积物中重金属的生物有效性的判断表明,长江中下游中泓底质沉积物比边滩沉积物中重金属对底栖生物具有更高的潜在危害性。In October,2007,acid volatile sulfides (AVS) and 4-kind simultaneously-extracted metal (SEM) content and their spatial distribution characters were studied for 31 surface sediments(river channel sediments and riparian sediments)collected from the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. In the channel sediments of the Yangtze River,the ∑SEM content of the surface sediments ranged from 0.20 μmol/g to 0.94 μmol/g (dry weight) with average value 0.45 μmol/g,and the AVS of the surface sediments was between 0.01~0.08 μmol/g(dry weight) with average value 0.03 μmol/g. In the riparian sediments,the ∑SEM content of the surface sediments ranged from 0.35 μmol/g to 1.57 μmol/g (dry weight) with average value 0.91 μmol/g. And the AVS of the surface sediments was between 0.01~0.14 μmol/g(dry weight) with average value 0.04 μmol/g,and the value of AVS was very low. The ∑SEM had significant positive correlation with the TOC(R=0.714,p≈0.000)、water ratio (R=0.401,p=0.025) and Eh(R=0.368,p=0.042)of sediments respectively,but AVS had no significant correlation with these environmental factors. The different methods were used to assess the biological availability of sediments. The results showed that the heavy metal of riparian sediments had much more toxicity to the aquatic life than that of river channel sediments of the Yangtze River.

关 键 词：酸可挥发性硫化物(AVS) 同时可提取态重金属(SEM) 生物有效性 长江中下游岸段 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]