玉溪市红塔区1998-2007年伤寒和甲型副伤寒流行趋势分析  

Epidemiological Analysis of Typhoid and Paratyphoid Fever A in Hongta Area of Yuxi City,1998-2007

作　　者：张红强[1] 王树坤[1] 王艳芳[1] 李六九[1] 吴强[1] 

机构地区：[1]玉溪市疾病预防控制中心,云南653100

出　　处：《中国病毒病杂志》2008年第6期401-405,共5页Chinese Journal of Viral Diseases

摘　　要：目的分析红塔区伤寒和甲型副伤寒流行特征和趋势,为今后防制工作提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法,对红塔区1998-2007年期间疾病监测信息报告管理系统报告的伤寒和甲型副伤寒疫情资料进行分析。结果2000年后伤寒和甲型副伤寒年度总发病率均超过100/10万,疫情呈快速上升趋势,且间隔2～3年出现高强度的流行;流行季节集中出现在5～10月之间;坝区乡镇发病高于山区乡镇;发病职业以农民、学生、工人、干部职员和教师为主(近80%);发病以10～50岁年龄组为主(85%以上);病原菌以甲型副伤寒沙门菌为主,发病危险因素与食用生冷食物有关。结论红塔区2000年后属于甲型副伤寒高流行区,流行因素主要与本地居民饮食习惯有关,加强传染源的管理及饮食行为干预和生冷食物的监测,是控制当前红塔区伤寒流行的主要措施。Objective To analyze the epidemic features and trend of typhoid and paratyphoid fever A in Hongta area of Yuxi city from 1998 to 2007,and to provide scientific basis for the disease control and prevention.Methods The data from routine surveillance system of communicable diseases were systematically analyzed by the method of descriptive epidemiological study.Results The annual incidence rate of typhoid and paratyphoid fever A was higher than 100/100 000 since 2000,and was with an increasing trend.There was an interval of 2 to 3 years between three epidemic peaks.Seasonal variation was single peak with the highest incidence in period of May to October.The cases aged 10 to 50 years accounted for more than 85% of total reported cases.The cases who were peasants,students,workers,cardres,and teachers accounted for 80% of total reported ca- ses.The incidence rate for the urban people was obviously higher than that for the rural people.The main pathogen was Salmonella enterica subsp,enterica serotype Paratyphi A.The analysis showed that eating salad vegetables was main risk factor for the epi- demic.Conclusion Typhoid and paratyphoid fever A were highly prevalent in Hongta area of Yuxi city after 2000.The main risk factor of epidemic was related to the diet custom of the native people.It would be effective to prevent and control the typhoid and paratyphoid fever A by strengthening intervention on the diet custom and enhancing surveillance on salad vegetables.

关 键 词：伤寒 副伤寒 流行特征 危险因素 

分 类 号：R516.3[医药卫生—内科学]