螺旋藻脂肪酸随培养时间、温度和营养盐变化的研究  

The study of variations of the fatty acids in Spirulina platensis with culture time, temperature and nutrient

作　　者：郑爱榕[1] 郑雪红[1] 李文权[1] 曲琳[1] 傅宇 

机构地区：[1]厦门大学海洋学系亚热带海洋研究所,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《海洋学报》2003年第S2期106-115,共10页

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(39870565).

摘　　要：研究了螺旋藻脂肪酸随培养时间(生长周期、昼夜)、温度和营养盐(氮、磷、碳和铁)的变化.结果表明在螺旋藻的生长周期内,其体内脂肪酸随培养时间而变化,呈现出多样性的趋势,随温度的变化亦是如此.不论用Zarrouk配方或MSS-1配方培养的螺旋藻,其体内均富含C18∶4,C18∶2和一定量的γ-亚麻酸(C18∶3).用Zarrouk配方淡水培养时,体内总不饱和脂肪酸含量在4～13d内最高为4 5%～5 2%(以干重表示),7d后产生γ-亚麻酸;用MSS-1配方海水培养,其体内总不饱和脂肪酸含量在2～7d内最高为4 4%～6 6%,仅第10～13天含C18∶3.在一个日变化中螺旋藻体内总不饱和脂肪酸和C18高度不饱和脂肪酸含量早上08:00最高,1d的变化幅度为51%～57%.螺旋藻在30℃培养,其体内脂肪酸组成最丰富,γ-亚麻酸含量最高;在20～30℃随着温度升高,总不饱和脂肪酸增加21%,C18高度不饱和脂肪酸下降8%;在35℃总不饱和脂肪酸和C18高度不饱和脂肪酸均下降,幅度为65%～70%.此外,营养盐氮、碳和氮、铁分别是总不饱和脂肪酸和C18高度不饱和脂肪酸的主要影响因子.Variations of the fatty acids (FA) in S. platensis with culture time, temperature and nutrient (such as nitrogen, phosphorus, carbon and iron) have been studied. It is shown that (1) S. platensis both grown in Zarrouk and MSS-1medium is rich in unsaturated acids 18∶4, 18∶2 and contains considerable amounts of 18∶3 (γ-linolenic acid); the total unsaturated fatty acids (TUFA) of the alga cultured in Zarrouk medium were 4.5%～5.2% of the total fatty acids (TFA) (on dry weight) at 4th to 13th day, and the alga contained 18∶3 after 7 d; TUFA of the alga grown in MSS-1 medium were 4.4%～6.6% of TFA at 2nd to 7th day, and the alga contained only 18∶3 at 10th to 13th day; (2) the contents of total unsaturated fatty acids (TUFA) and C_(18) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) during diurnal cycle were the highest at morning 08:00; The change range of TUFA and C_(18) PUFA in a day and night was 51%～57%; (3) S. platensis grown in Zarrouk medium at 30 ℃ was abundant in components of UFA, and had high concentration of 18∶3; TUFA and C_(18) PUFA were respectively, increased 21% and decreased 8% with temperature increased from 20 to 30 ℃, and also obviously decreased 65%～70% at 35 ℃; (4) the major influence factors of TUFA and C_(18) PUFA are respectively nitrogen, carbon and nitrogen, iron.

关 键 词：螺旋藻 脂肪酸 培养时间 温度 营养盐 

分 类 号：Q946[生物学—植物学]