汉代的雕塑  

Sculpture in Han Dynasty

作　　者：金维诺 

出　　处：《雕塑》2003年第4期4-5,共2页Sculpture

摘　　要：两汉宫殿和皇家园林盛行环境雕塑。在城门、宫殿屋顶用的是铜铸的龙凤装饰,如西汉在长安直城门上置有铜龙。上林苑的飞廉观是汉武帝迷信方士“神仙好楼居”,为了降神而造的。建于元封二年(公元前109年),观高40丈,有铜铸的飞廉,飞廉是传说的“风伯”,鹿身,头如雀,有角,而蛇尾豹纹,能致风气。太初元年(公元前104年)造建章宫,正门上有高达五丈的铜凤。Environmental sculpture in Two Han Dynasties and Royal gardens are in vogue. The gate and palace roof were decorated with bronze-casted dragon and phoenix. The Kunming Pool and Taiye Pool were also sculpted with stone whale, stone soft-shelled turtle and other animals and the sculpture method is very brief and comprehensive. There were new breakthroughs in tombs of Western Han Dynasty. There were stone kylin, stone evil-refuter, stone beast, white horse and stone man, stone post, stone sheep and stone tiger before tombs of bureaucrats as grave as live, which was the same with ceremony guards. Huo Qubing's stone sculpture of tomb was a team of unique, feats-commending and monument group sculpture. There was a new breakthrough in tomb figure moulding of Western Han Dynasty. A large amount of sowar figure coming out from Shanxi Xianyang Yangjiawan and Jiangsu Xuzhou Eastern Suburbs Lion Mountain are very lifelike and high in skills. Sculpture in Han Dynasty looked on highly practical skills and expression of internal look tradition and there was some development to speaking and singing figures and horse figures coming out from Sichuan Chengdu Tianjiong Mountain. There were a lot of sculpture shapes of daily life articles in Han Dynasty, which were from artisans surnamed Shangfang of Royal and kingdoms, which represented the highest manufacturing level of contemporary. There was also amazing development in sculpture of minor areas of Han Dynasty. The copper sculpture of Dian Nation coming out from Yunnan Jinning Shizai Mountain was the outstanding represents contemporarily. There were also a lot of three-dimensional sculpture shapes of gold, silver and copper buried with North Xiongnu nobles with tiger, deer, sheep, dog, rabbits, birds and Rrinaceus earopaeus, etc.

关 键 词：汉代雕塑 飞廉 说唱 匈奴 公元前 宫殿 石兽 石雕 石虎 战马 

分 类 号：J309.2[艺术—美术]