林区啮齿动物群落结构与林木受害关系研究  

Study on the relation between the community structure of rodent and the impaired seedling in forest

作　　者：韩崇选[1] 王明春[1] 杨学军[1] 张宏利[1] 卜书海[1] 杨清娥[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学林学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《陕西师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2003年第S2期191-198,共8页Journal of Shaanxi Normal University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家"十五"科技攻关项目 ( 2 0 0 1BA50 9B0 7- 2 - 0 2 )

摘　　要：陕西林区啮齿动物群落可划分为 4个不同的危害类型 .刺槐、油松和侧柏的被害株率 (Y0 1 ,Y0 2 ,Y0 3)和被害死亡株率 (Y1 1 ,Y1 2 ,Y1 3) ,飞播造林 3 0d种子损失率 (Y2 )与地面鼠、地下鼠和蒙古兔的种群密度 (X2 ,X3,X4 )的逐步多元回归模型为Y0 1 =- 2 .72 7+0 .382X2 +3.6 14X3 - 11.52 4X4,　Y1 1 =- 0 .12 9+0 .14 4X2 +2 .0 72X3 +1.573X4,Y0 2 =- 2 .775+0 .4 59X2 +2 .0 4 9X3+5.956X4,Y1 2 =- 0 .2 88+0 .115X2 +2 .0 4 2X3 +1.6 39X4,Y0 3 =- 13.74 3+0 .2 17X2 - 0 .511X3 +32 .918X4,Y1 3 =- 5.819- 0 .0 96X2 +0 .4 36X3 +14 .6 39X4,Y2 =- 4.32 5+0 .74 3X2 - 0 .34 3X3 +1.330X4.群落中地面鼠和地下鼠对林木危害方式和对食物选择性的差异 ,导致了林木受害的多样性 .林木的被害程度决定于地面鼠、地下鼠和蒙古兔的种群密度 ,而与群落总密度相关不显著 .研究啮齿动物群落组成与林木受害的关系 ,确定林木受害的关键因子 ,简化群落结构调查指标 ,制定林区啮齿动物群落和林木受害的统一标准 ,是研究害鼠综合管理系统中“3S”预警、判别和预测预报系统的基础 .The rodent communities could be divided into 4 types of impaired seedling in the forest region of Shannxi. The Harm that are blasted rate(Y_(01), Y_(02), Y_(03)) and death rate(Y_(11), Y_(12), Y_(13)) of silver chain,Chinese pine ,arborvitae, the losing seed rate of Aero-forestation(Y_2)of 30 days, and the Community structure that are density(X_2, X_3, X_4) of Subaerial rodent, Subterranean rodents and the Brown hare, stepwise regression model as follows: Y_(01)=-2.727+0.382X_2+3.614X_3-11.524X_4,Y_(11)=-0.129+0.144X_2+2.072X_3+1.573X_4, Y_(02)=-2.775+0.459X_2+2.049X_3+5.956X_4,Y_(12)=-0.288+0.115X_2+2.042X_3+1.639X_4, Y_(03)=-13.743+0.217X_2-0.511X_3+32.918X_4,Y_(13)=-5.819-0.096X_2+0.436X_3+14.639X_4, Y_2=-4.325+0.743X_2-0.343X_3+1.330X_4.In the community, the subaerial rodents and the subterranean rodents the discrepancy of harm seedling mode and the different food selectivity, caused the diversity of imperil seedling. The imperil seedling degree be decided by the collectivity density of subaerial rodent, subterranean rodents and brown hare, but with the total density of Community is related not prominence. Research the composition of rodent community and the impaired seedling relation, make sure the impaired seedling key factor, predigest the community structure the investigating index in the forest region, establish the unifying standard of rodent community and impaired seedling, are the foundation that study system of the differentiating and the forecast.

关 键 词：啮齿动物 群落结构 林木被害株率 种子损失率 

分 类 号：S764[农业科学—森林保护学]