室内空气质量的通风空调问题探讨  

Indoor Air Quality Problems Relating too the Quipped Ventilating and Air Conditioning Facilities

作　　者：刘江[1] 吴勇卫[1] 王秋水[1] 施瑾[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国预防医学科学院环境卫生与卫生工程研究所,北京100050

出　　处：《中国卫生工程学》2000年第3期6-9,共4页Chinese Journal of Public Health Engineering

摘　　要：随着人们生活水平的提高,室内空气质量日益引起人们的注意,无论是大型封闭式办公楼、还是配有空调设备的办公室、吸烟室、歌舞厅、餐厅,以及单元楼居室等,其室内空气质量的优劣和配套的通风空调系统的设计、使用密切相关。文中阐述了一些事例,如封闭式办公楼中氨浓度严重超标,会议室、歌舞厅、餐厅、吸烟室内可吸入颗粒物,CO、CO_2严重超标,居室的空气质量受厨房燃气和装饰建 筑材料的影响等。为保证有良好的室内空气,应从以下几方面着手:1.控制污染源的排放量;2.在污染物产生处设置局部排风;3.通风空调系统的设计,应提供足够的新风量,具有合理的气流组织,防止新鲜空气被污染;4.采用节能风机,提供较大的新风量和稀释空气量;5.在室内安装空气净化器,清除室内空气中的颗粒物和微生物等。With the gradual improvement of the people's living standard. People become more concerned with the indoor air quality problems, Test results showed that either for large office building with sealed windows or the casino ball room, restaurant, the meeting room, smoking room and the rooms in apartment house, the design and operation of the ventilating and Air - conditioning system or facilities equipped play an important role for controlling the indoor air quality in these rooms. Several; typical; cades were investigated which include: the case of high NH3 concentrations in the rooms of office building with sealed windows; the case of high concetrations of participate matter, co co2 in casino ball rooms, restaurants, meeting room, smoking room the indoor air pollution in rooms of apartment house due to pollutions released from gas appliances in kitchen and that from furniture' s and finishing. In order to keep good indoor air quality in these rooms, the following suggestions were put forward.1. Minimize the pollutants released from sautes, as possible; 2. Install local exhaust ventilatio facilities at the pollutant sources; 3. The ventilating and air conditioning system should be carefully designed and operated to guarantee providing enough fresh air into the room and a rational airflow pattern, That will prevent the supply air from being short - circulated and minimize the fresh air from being polluted in its flow path; 4. Choose fan (or systems) with energy conservation device to provide larger quantity of fresh (or diluting) air; S. Install air cleaner in these rooms to fitter out the dust particles, organism and odor from the recalculating air. Key words: Indoors air qualityVentilation air conditioning

关 键 词：室内空气质量 通风空调系统 吸烟室 新风量 空气质量状况 燃气热水器 污染物 卫生标准 换气机 歌舞厅 

分 类 号：TU831[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程]