硫化物矿床氧化带砷酸盐矿物的地质找矿意义  

GEOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF ARSENATE MINERALS IN OXIDATION ZONE OF SULPHIDE DEPOSITS

作　　者：李艺[1] 赖来仁[1] 

机构地区：[1]桂林矿产地质研究院,桂林541004

出　　处：《矿产勘查》1999年第6期580-584,共5页Mineral Exploration

基　　金：国家自然科学基金

摘　　要：砷酸盐矿物是主要产出于硫化物矿床氧化带中的次生矿物，在自然界中已发现２５０ 多种，我国目前仅发现该类矿物３８ 种。砷酸盐矿物的生成与原生矿石的矿物成分及其数量、气候条件和介质条件等因素密切相关。毒砂及含砷矿物和黄铜矿、黄铁矿、磁黄铁矿、方铅矿、闪锌矿等硫化物的大量存在是形成砷酸盐矿物的物质基础。该类矿物一般多形成于温湿多雨的热带－ 亚热带气候区域和矿床围岩为碳酸盐岩的弱酸性－ 中性的介质环境中。砷酸盐矿物常是硫化物矿床氧化带发育至末期阶段的重要产物之一，对判断原生矿床的氧化程度和剥蚀深度有一定的指示意义；根据砷酸盐矿物的组合类型可较快速地确定原生矿床（ 体） 的工业类型和找矿方向。根据砷酸盐矿物的形成条件，砷酸盐矿物大量发育的铁帽氧化带一般可作为寻找（ 夕卡岩型） 铜锡多金属硫化物矿床的重要标志。Arsenate minerals are the secondary minerals, which are mainly formed in the oxidation zone of sulphide deposits. More than 250 arsenate minerals have been identified in nature, but only 39 arsenate minerals in China. The formation of arsenate minerals shows the intimate relation to mineral constitutes of the primary ores, climatic conditions and medium conditions etc. The abundant sulphide minerals, such as arsenopyrite and As-bearing minerals, chalcopyrite, pyrite, pyrrhotite, galena and sphalerite constitute the material basis for the formation of arsenate minerals. They are generally formed in an environment of weakly acid-neutral media with warmth and humidity, and rainy zone with carbonate as the wall rocks. Usually, arsenate minerals are the significant products of the oxidized sulphide deposits which has been developed to the final stage. They have definite indicating significance for the oxidation degree and disintegration depth of the primary deposits. They may help to define the industrial type of primary deposit and prospecting by the association type of arsenate minerals. Based on the study on the forming conditions of arsenate minerals, it is suggested that the oxidized gossan zone with numerous arsenate minerals may generally used as one of the significant guidance for prospecting.

关 键 词：砷酸盐矿物 形成条件 找矿意义 

分 类 号：P611[天文地球—矿床学] P571[天文地球—地质学]