热休克诱导颖鲤四倍体的研究  

TETRAPLOIDY INDUCTION OF YING HYBRID CARP BY HEAT SHOCK

作　　者：潘光碧[1] 胡德高[1] 邹桂伟[1] 罗相忠[1] 梁拥军[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所,荆州434000 [2]华中农业大学水产学院,武汉430070

出　　处：《水产学报》1997年第S1期1-8,共8页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金："85"农业部生物技术项目!85农-11-02-04

摘　　要：采用热休克阻止受精卵第一次卵裂的方法诱导颖鲤四倍体。运用正交试验对影响热休克诱导效果的主要三个因素，即处理起始时间（TB）、处理温度（TT）及处理持续时间（TP）进行了筛选。颖鲤受精卵在受精后（水温22℃）52、55、58、61、64和67min时以40、41、42℃的高温持续处理1、1．5、2min，胚胎的四倍化率为0％－67．89％。试验表明，诱导四倍体颖鲤的较适条件为受精后58min和66min左右以40．3－41．3℃处理1－1．5min。The studies on the induction of tetraploid, using heat shock treatment for blocking first division of fertilized eggs were condcted in Ying hybrid carp. Orthgonal composite designs were used in experiments. Eggs were hand-stripped and fentilized artificially. First division was visible and occurred about 67 min after fertilization. Zygotes were developed in freshwater at 22℃, and shocked in water at 52, 55,58, 61, 64, or 67 min post fertilization at temperature of 40,41,or 42℃ for a duration of 1, 1.5, or 2 min, tetraploid rates of embryos were 0%~67.89%. Zygotes subjected to heat shock not only produced tetraploids, hypotetraploids, mosaics, but also produced diploids and hypodiploids. Ploidy level was determined by amounts of chromosome preparation of embryoes or fries, Deformed chromosomes and chromosome fragments were also observed in the suboptimal treatments. There were some deformed embryoes in each treatment combination. A short stage(61-64 min post fertilization) was found at which zygotes had stronger tolerance tolerance the shock treatments during the effective period for the inhibition of first mitosis and induction of tetraploid.Before and after this short stage, zygotes were more sensitive to the shock treatment. The suitable factors of shock treatments for inducing tetraploid in Ying hybrid carp were 40.3 ~ 41.3℃, lasting 1-1.5 min,and at 58 or 66 min after fertilization.

关 键 词：颖鲤 热休克 四倍体 正交试验 

分 类 号：S961[农业科学—水产养殖]