土壤物理学科发展趋势与展望  

Development and Prospects of Soil Physics

作　　者：庄季屏[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,110015

出　　处：《中国农业大学学报》1997年第S1期1-7,共7页Journal of China Agricultural University

摘　　要：本文概述了国际土壤物理学的发展趋势和中国土壤物理研究前景展望。作为土壤学和物理学分支学科的现代土壤物理学,可定义为应用物理学的原理和方法描述土壤特性。探讨了土壤中物质迁移和能量转换等过程的学科。从发展的趋势看,土壤物理研究的重点已逐渐从单纯的农业问题拓展到更为综合复杂的环境问题。新一代的仪器测试技术正在向快速、非接触性和原地测量三个方向发展。此外,随着随机方法的应用和计算机模型的普及,一系列新的方法论已可满足处理土壤非均质性和高度非线性现象的需要。根据我国国情,今后土壤物理研究的重点,首先是服务于稳定增产和农业持续发展;同时要积极开展非饱和带的溶质运移研究,以保护环境,防止污染。This paper deals with the international development of soil physics,and the prospects for soil physics in China are given.Modern soil physics,which is a subdiscipline of both physics and soil science,can be defined as the application of the principles of physics to characterization of soil properties,and the understanding of soil processes,es- pecially those involving the transport of matter or energy.Judged by the development ten- dency,the focus of soil physics research has gradually broadened from single agricultural issues to more comprehensive environmental issues.New generation instrumental tech- niques are going towards 3 directions,i.e.,rapid,non-invasive and in situ measurement. Moreover,with the application of stochastic approaches and the popularization of computer models,the requirements for treating the heterogeneity and highly non-liner phe- nomenon in soil can be satisfied by a series of new generationmethologies.Based on the ac- tual conditions in China,from now on the focus of soil physics research are summarized in two aspects:First of all is the stable yield-increasing and sustainable development of agriculture.In addition,we should engage the research of solute transport in unsaturated zone to prevent the environment from pollution.

关 键 词：土壤物理 发展趋势 前景展望 

分 类 号：S152[农业科学—土壤学]