微生物肥料对冬小麦田间土壤养分转化和供给的影响  

The Effects of Microbiological Fertilizer on Soil Available Nutrient of Winter Wheat Field

作　　者：熊顺贵[1] 孙明德[1] 徐菁 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学土壤和水科学系

出　　处：《中国农业大学学报》1997年第S2期38-42,共5页Journal of China Agricultural University

摘　　要：将无机化肥、有机肥和微生物生物肥作底肥施入种植冬小麦的土壤,并在作物生长发育不同时期,测定微生物生物量碳(Bc)、速效 N,P,K 含量。研究发现各施肥处理之间 Bc 没有显著差异,而土壤无机氮(NH_4^+-N 和 NO_^--N)含量大幅度增加,尤其是施用化肥的小区,在整个冬季,土壤都保持很高的 NH_4^+-N 水平(比施用生物肥的土壤,高出30mg·kg^(-1)以上),极易造成氨的挥发损失。施肥也大幅度提高土壤速效磷含量,尤其生物肥处理,土壤速效磷含量比其他肥料处理要高10mg·kg^(-1)左右,但施肥对土壤速效钾的含量没有显著地影响。施肥各处理的小麦产量比不施肥处理略有增加,但没有达到统计学的显著水平。Different fertilizers(mineral,organic and microbiological fertilizer)are used as a base fertilizer on winter wheat field.Soil samples are collected during growth stage of winter wheat,Microbial biomass carbon and available N,P and K are measured.It is found that there is no significant difference of biomass carbon among the fertilizer treat- ments.Inorganic nitrogen content is largely increased in the fertilizer treatments.In par- ticular,the soil used mineral fertilizer contains much higher ammonium than that of microbiological fertilizer,which would results in a loss of NH_3.Available P content in mi- crobiological fertilizer treatment is 10 mg·kg^(-1)soil al high as that of other treatments. However,there is no significant difference of available K content among the treatment. The grain yield of winter wheat enhances a little,but not significantly,due to the fertilizer application in the soil.

关 键 词：化肥 有机肥 生物肥 冬小麦 

分 类 号：S512.11[农业科学—作物学]