水体钉螺扩散机理的探讨——钉螺水力学室内实验研究  

STUDY ON THE MECHANISM OF MIGRATION OF ONCOMELANIA HUPENSIS THE EXPERIMENT OF THE SNAIL HYDRAULICS IN LABORATORY

作　　者：杨先祥 徐兴建[1] 陈伟[1] 潘庆燊[2] 张威[2] 熊正安[2] 李永生[3] 

机构地区：[1]湖北省血吸虫病防治研究所,武汉430070 [2]长江科学院河流研究所 [3]湖北省医学科学院

出　　处：《中国血吸虫病防治杂志》1996年第1期6-11,共6页Chinese Journal of Schistosomiasis Control

基　　金：湖北省科委(项目编号:912A1601);世界银行血防贷款科研项目(编号:JRMC2-12)资助

摘　　要：1990—1993年,运用水力学、泥沙运动力学和钉螺生物学相关理论、方法,开展钉螺静止水体,流动水体沉降及动水起动3类室内试验,研究水体钉螺生物物理特征.试验结果:首次确定了钉螺生物物理指标的9个参数;建立了钉螺水体沉降、起动的4类6个实用公式;观察或测定了水流影响水休钉螺运动因素及值域.揭示了钉螺水体扩散形成机理,阐明现场研究多种扩散现象的成因,为现场防止钉螺扩散的安全工程,如“拦截”、“中层取水”、“沉螺”等工程设计提供了理论依据.Three experiments concerning Oncomelania hupensis biologicall and physical characteristics have performed by combination of the theories of hydraulics,silt motion mechanics and snail biology with relevant methods since 1989. The experiments included: Dthe dropping speed of the snail in stable water body. 2)the dropping speed of the snail in moving water body. 3)the current speed of the snail start motion in moving water body. The results showed in three aspects:the first was nine parameters were determined such as the spe-cific gravity of the snails and snail eggs ,the dropping speed of the snail in the stable and moving water and the current speed of the snail start motion in move water and so forth;the Second aspect was six practical formu-las in four classes were set up on snail's drop and motion in the water;the third was some value ranges andsome factors that affect snail move in the water were determined and observed. The result showed that the mechanism of snail spread was further understood and the phenomenon of snail spreading in the field was clarified basically. The findings will provide theoretical basis for design the safe facilities of the floodgate that prevent the snail introduced from the outside into the inside the floodgate. The recommended safe facilities were.such as 'the canal of interrupt snail', 'the pool of drop snail' and 'the underground canal to lead water from middle level of the water body'and so on. All of this could be of application and acceptability in the field.

关 键 词：钉螺 水体扩散 机理 

分 类 号：Q959.21[生物学—动物学]