高原鼠兔心肺组织的超微结构观察  

A OBSERVATION OF CARDIOPULMONARY ULTRASTURES IN ALTITUDE PIKA

作　　者：苏明华[1] 陈华伟[1] 温佳林 王志刚[1] 寇星灿 

机构地区：[1]青海省高原医学科学研究所 [2]中国医学科学院卫生学校

出　　处：《高原医学杂志》1992年第3期34-36,68,共4页Journal of High Altitude Medicine

摘　　要：本文对生活在海拔3800米的高原鼠兔与饲养在2300米的Wistar大鼠的心肺组织超微结构进行对比观察,超微结构基本相似;但高原鼠兔的特殊征象表现为:①心肺组织内毛细血管非常丰富;②心肺毛细血管内皮细胞中有大量微饮泡,肺泡隔毛细血管管壁菲薄为开窗型内皮,可见较多穿内皮性管;③心肌细胞的肌膜凹陷很深,形成许多指状突起,肌膜下有大量线粒体聚集。This article reported the const()ast uitrastructure observation of catdiopulmonary tissues of altitude pika lived at 3800m and Wistar rat breeded at 2300m.The both of ultrastructures similar basically,however,the special menifestations of altitude pikawere appreared as follows: 1.The abundant capillaries in cardiopulmonary tissues were showed. 2.A great quantity of micropinocytes were accunulated in endothelial cells of cardiopulmonary capillaries,and the transendothelial channels were occured in fenestrated endothelial cells of thin alveolar capillaries. 3.There were deep pittings on myolemma of cardiac muscle cells,which formed many pharangeal cytoplasmic processes,and a large numbers of mitochondria were collected under the myolemma. The altitude pika was distributed widespreadly over the Qinghai—Xizang Plateau.An early experiment indicated that the raising of pulmonary artery pressure, right ventricular hypertrophy and increasing of Hb,RBC and Hct in altitude pika were not clear,therefore,we consider the altitude pika is an optimal indigenous animal which adapted the hypoxic environment at high altitude.From above — mentioned featutes of cardiopulmonary ultrastructures, these facts explained that the expending of membrane area might increase substance exchange rate and pulmonary dispersion force.

关 键 词：鼠兔 超微结构 高原低氧 

分 类 号：R8[医药卫生—临床医学]