溴对破坏平流层中臭氧的影响  

The Influence of Bromine on Stratospheric Ozone Removal

作　　者：吴鸿选 

机构地区：[1]U.K. Stratospheric Ozone Review Group

出　　处：《世界环境》1991年第2期15-16,共2页World Environment

摘　　要：在南极区可能是由于溴的作用,臭氧的破坏至少达2％如果不对各种产生溴的气体的释放量加以限制,可以预料,溴对平流层臭氧会起到显著的破坏作用。大气中的哈龙,完全是人为因素产生的溴造成的,且正在稳定增加,并将完全按照当前蒙特利尔议定书的估计继续发展。现在急需减少80％以上哈龙的释放量,以阻止平流层中溴浓度的增长。溴甲烷可能仍然是平流层中溴的主要来源。At least 2% of ozone depletion in the Antarctic is probably due to bromine, which is expected to play a more prominent role in removal of stratospheric ozone unless emissions of the various bromine source gases are restricted. Atmospheric concentrations of halons, entirely man-madesources of bromine, are increasing steadily. This will continue even with full compliance with the present Montreal Protocol. Reductions of more than 80% in emissions of halons are required to halt the growth in stratospheric bromine concentrations. Methyl bromide is probably still the main source of bromine in the stratosphere. Although it is known to be emitted naturally, the proportion of its emissions derived from man-made activities may be quite large (more than 20%). Stratospheric measurements of inorganic forms of bromine, such as BrO and HBr, are difficult to explain in terms of present chemical theory. The true potential for removal of stratospheric ozone by bromine is therefore uncertain.

关 键 词：哈龙 释放量 蒙特利尔议定书 人为因素 破坏作用 气中 OZONE 中纬度地区 箱式模型 氢原子 

分 类 号：X[环境科学与工程]