基于压电主动传感方式的螺栓松动检测实验研究  

Bolt Loosening Detection Based on Piezoelectric Active Sensing Technology

作　　者：罗毅[1] 王涛[1] 刘绍鹏[1] 肖涵[1] 王志刚[1] 李友荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉科技大学机械自动化学院,武汉430081

出　　处：《新型工业化》2013年第7期17-22,共6页The Journal of New Industrialization

基　　金：湖北省自然科学基金资助(2011CDA121);国家自然科学基金资助(51105284;51075310)

摘　　要：针对螺栓联接结构中螺栓易松动而引发事故的情况,进行了压电主动传感方式的螺栓松动监测研究。采用压电材料激发超声波,超声波透射过螺栓联接界面,透射波的能量与界面间实际接触面积相关,而由赫兹理论得到界面实际接触面积与界面压力即螺栓作用力成一定关系,从而通过测量透射波的能量确定螺栓的预紧力即松紧程度。建立了实验装置,进行了实验研究。实验结果显示,作为传感器的压电材料所接收到的超声波能量与螺栓紧固力具有较好相关性,该方法可作为螺栓联接结构健康监测的一种新方法。?Aimed at the measurement of bolt axial force and detecting of bolt loosening, the ultrasonic method is studied using the piezoelectric ceramics with the active sensor technology. When the ultrasonic wave propagates across the interface of the two parts jointed by the bolt, only part of the ultrasonic wave energy is passed through it. The passed energy depends on the true contact area,From the Classical Hertz contact theory we know that the ture contact area is decided by the bolt pretension. By measuring the received energy with the sensing piezoelectric material, the bolt pretension or bolt loosening can be detected. The experiment device is set up and the experiment results show that the wave energy propagated across the interface is proportional to the torque level. This method has potential application for the monitoring of bolt loosening in-site.

关 键 词：超声波传感 螺栓松动 载荷试验 压电材料 主动式传感 

分 类 号：TB551[理学—物理] TH701[理学—声学]