不同播种期、播种量及氮肥运筹对淮稻13号农艺性状的影响  

Effects of Sowing Dates,Seeding Rate and Nitrogen Application on Agronomic Traits of Huaidao 13

作　　者：袁彩勇[1] 王健[1] 孔宪旺[1] 李刚[1] 高平中 

机构地区：[1]江苏省徐淮地区淮阴农业科学研究所,江苏淮安223001

出　　处：《山西农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第5期369-373,共5页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目(CX(10)136)

摘　　要：为了给淮稻13号大面积推广提供高产栽培技术支撑,2010～2011年进行了淮稻13号不同播种期、不同播量、不同施氮量(240、270、300、330、360kg·hm-2)与前后期施氮比例(7∶3、6∶4、5∶5、4∶6)对产量及生物学特性的影响。结果表明,淮稻13号在5月10日、5月15日播种的水稻成穗数、每穗粒数、结实率、千粒重、理论产量与实际产量均较高,播种期过早或推迟均会对产量及其构成因子产生不利影响;秧田播量宜控制在450kg·hm-2内,秧苗各项指标均达壮秧标准;施纯氮在330kg·hm-2以内时,随单位面积施氮量增加,高峰苗、有效穗数、成穗率、每穗颖花数、总颖花量增加;施纯氮超过330kg·hm-2,品种发生倒伏,结实率大幅度下降,产量降低。在相同施氮肥水平下,高峰苗、有效穗数随前后期施氮比例增加而增加,成穗率、每穗颖花数随前后期施氮比例增加有下降的趋势,产量以基蘖肥∶穗肥为6∶4最高。To provide high yield cultivation technology support for promoting the application of Huaidao 13in large area,the study of the effect of different sowing time,seeding rate,nitrogen fertilizer levels(240,270,300,330and 360kg ·hm-2)and different rate of basal to panicle fertilizer on the yield and biological characteristics of Huaidao 13were conducted in 2010and 2011.The results showed that several indexes,such as matured spike number,the grain number per panicle,ripening rate,1000-grain weight,theoretical yield and actual yield were higher when the sowing time of Huaidao 13was between May 10th and May 15th.Too early or late of sowing date on yield promotion were negatively affecting the yield and the factors which influence yield.The amount of seedling should be controlled within 450kg· hm-2,at which each index of seedlings was on the best seedling standard.When the application rates of nitrogen fertilizer was within 330kg·hm-2,peak seedlings,effective spike number,spike rate,number of spikelets per panicle and total spikelets were increased with the increase of nitrogen application amount in the per unit area.When the amount of pure nitrogen level was more than 330kg·hm-2,the plants was easy to lodging,and ripening rate and the yield were reduced.Under the same nitrogen fertilizer level,seedlings peak time,effective panicle number were increased with the increase of early and late N ratio,but the spike rate,number of spikelets per panicle were decreased with the increase of early and late N ratio.The highest yield was observed with the rate of basal fertilizer to panicle fertilizer at 6∶4.

关 键 词：淮稻13号 高产 播期 播量 肥料 

分 类 号：S511.2+2[农业科学—作物学]