青藏高原长花马先蒿的细胞地理学研究  

Cytogeographical studyon Pedicularis longiflora from the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,China

作　　者：王广艳[1] 韩希[1] 孟盈[1] 杨永平[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院昆明植物研究所,昆明650201

出　　处：《广西植物》2013年第5期657-662,650,共7页Guihaia

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(2010CB951704)

摘　　要：对青藏高原长花马先蒿9个居群的核型及细胞地理学进行研究,所有居群的染色体数目均为2n=16,染色体基数为x=8。现有的细胞学资料表明:分布于云南中甸的居群可能为较原始的类群,而分布于西藏日土和青海门源的居群较为进化。长花马先蒿的9个居群均为二倍体,并未出现多倍化现象,可能是由于在末次冰期青藏高原存在广泛的避难所,二倍体得到很好的保存,冰期对它们的影响不是很大;也可能是对环境的选择压力造成的。Karyotypes and cytogeography of 9populations of Pedicularis longiflorafrom the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,China,were presented.The chromosome numbers of all populations were 2n=16,the basic chromosome number was x=8.The available chromosomal data indicated that the population from Zhongdian in Yunnan might be original,and the populations from Ritu in Tibet and Menyuan in Qinghai were advanced.9populations of P.longiflora were all diploid,without the occurrence of polyploidy.The one possible explanation is that Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau could have served as refuge during the last Quaternary glaciation,diploid is well preserved,and has been little effected by glaciation;the other possible explanation is that it may be effected by environmental selection pressure.

关 键 词：长花马先蒿 青藏高原 染色体数目 起源中心 分化中心 

分 类 号：Q948.2[生物学—植物学]