尊严是对于自我存在的意识——论《地下室手记》之精神意涵  

Dignity is Consciousness about Self-Existence——Understanding on Spiritual Meaning of Notes from The Underground

作　　者：张冠男[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东师范大学文学院,山东济南250014

出　　处：《齐鲁师范学院学报》2013年第6期88-92,共5页Journal of Qilu Normal University

摘　　要：陀思妥耶夫斯基《地下室手记》中那只"有强烈意识的耗子"不喜欢按照理性与利益的规定去做事,在此意义上,他无聊。但"耗子"还有一种愿望,他相信在"二二得四"的人类利益清单之外,还有一种更为宝贵的尊严意识:人想要做他愿意做的事,想要证明自己是人,而不是被理性操控的提线木偶或是钢琴上的琴键。他为此否定规则,否定理性,甚至拥抱苦难,制造破坏和混乱。这个主题在陀氏之后作品中得以延伸,其笔下主人公多抱此否定思想并走向毁灭。"耗子"的"尊严意识"是这部小说精神意涵的核心,也是打开陀氏其他作品思想世界的钥匙。Notes from The Underground is written by Dostoevsky. In this book, there is an acutely conscious mouse who do not like doing things by the requirements of reason and interests. Thus, he does nothing. However, the ‘mouse' has a desire that there is precious consciousness of dignity out of the human interests list of twice two makes four. The consciousness is that human can do what they want to do to prove himself, instead of being marionette or keys on the piano. Thus, he denies rule and reason, but embraces suffering, manufactures destruction and chaos. This theme was extended in the subsequent works of Dostoevsky. Those heroes in his works are doomed towards ruin with this negative thoughts. The mouse with consciousness of dignity is the core of spiritual meaning in this novel, and it is also the key to understand other thoughts of Dostoevsky.

关 键 词：地下室手记 规则 理性 尊严意识 

分 类 号：I106[文学—世界文学]