作为机械降神的人民制宪权——陈端洪教授制宪权理论的内在困境  

Popular Constituent Power as Deus ex Machina: Controversies in Chen Duanhong's Constituent Powers Theory

作　　者：杨陈[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学法学院

出　　处：《浙江社会科学》2013年第11期61-68,156-157,共10页Zhejiang Social Sciences

摘　　要：陈端洪教授的人民主权—制宪权学说是我国当前正在兴起的政治宪法学中的代表性理论。这一理论所要反对的是追求建构一个形式性、中立化的法秩序的规范宪法学。在其看来,要真正理解宪法就必须追溯到其背后的政治意志,而这种政治意志的正当性最终由人民的主权—制宪权所保证。但问题在于,陈先生过于经验化地理解了人民主权—制宪权理论中人民的概念,为了解释现实中人民没有参与立宪的事实,其援引了洛克与施米特的默示同意理论,而这就使得这种人民主权—制宪权理论成为了一种机械降神,即一种可以为任何政治行为进行事后论证的理论装置。The rise of political constitutional science is an important event in the current area of constitution studies.Professor Chen Duanhong's theory of popular sovereignty-constituent power is a typical doctrine of this school,and it is to be opposed to the normative constitutional science which attempts to construct a formalized and neutralized legal order.In his opinion,in order to genuinely understand the constitution,it is necessary to trace back to the political wills behind the text,whose legitimacy is ultimately guaranteed by popular sovereignty or constituent power.However,Mr.Chen understood the concept of people in the theory of popular sovereignty-constituent power excessively in an empirical manner,and he quoted the theory of tacit consent from Locke and Schmitt to explain why people did not attend the process of constitution making ex facto,so that his theory became a kind of Dues ex machina,i.e.,a theoretical apparatus which can legitimize any political conduct ex post facto.

关 键 词：人民主权 制宪权 政治宪法学 默示同意 

分 类 号：D911[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]