烟煤基活性炭的制备及脱除甲基橙性能  

Production of bituminous coal-based activated carbon and the property on the removal of methyl orange

作　　者：吴永红[1] 张兵[1] 沈国良[1] 赵丹丹[1] 党晓龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳工业大学石油化工学院,辽宁辽阳111003

出　　处：《化工进展》2013年第S1期88-92,共5页Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress

基　　金：辽宁省自然科学基金(20102170);辽宁省高等学校优秀人才(杰出青年学者)项目(LJQ2012010)

摘　　要：以氯化锌与氢氧化钾为活化剂、阜新烟煤为原料,经脱灰、浸渍、活化和热解等过程制备了活性炭。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱、X射线衍射、热失重、元素分析及气体/液体吸附等技术对活性炭结构和性能进行了表征与分析。考察了活化剂用量、活化时间、活化温度等因素对活性炭结构与吸附性的影响。结果显示,阜新烟煤灰分高达27.3%,脱灰后降至7.1%;以KOH为活化剂时最佳制备条件为:碱煤比3,活化温度800℃,活化时间90min。以ZnCl2作活化剂更有利于提高活性炭的吸附性能,其最佳制备条件为ZnCl2/煤比2,活化温度600℃,活化时间50min。该活性炭孔体积比市售活性炭高4倍以上。当吸附条件为活性炭用量1g、吸附温度50℃、吸附时间15min时,甲基橙脱除率达85%以上,远高于市售活性炭。Activated carbon was produced using zinc chloride and potassium hydroxide as activator,Fuxin bituminous coal as precursor,through the processes of deashing,immersion,activation and carbonization.The as-obtained activated carbon was characterized by Fourier transformed infrared spectra,X-ray diffraction,thermogravimetric analysis,elemental analysis and gas/liquid adsorption.The effects of activator dosage,activation time,and activation temperature on the structure and adsorption performance were investigated.Results have shown:For Fuxin bituminous coal exhibiting a heavy ash content about 27.3%,it is necessary to conduct a deashing pretreatment decreasing the value beneath7.1%.In the case of KOH as activator,the optimum preparation condition is alkali/coal of 3,activation temperature of 800℃,and time of 90min.In comparison,ZnCl2 is more beneficial to improve the adsorption performance,from which the optimum preparation condition of activated carbon is ZnCl2/coal ratio of 2,activation temperature of 600℃,and time of 50min.When the adsorption is activated carbon dosage of 1g,temperature of 50℃,adsorption time of 15min,the removal rate of methyl orange can reach above 85%,which is much higher than that of commercial activated carbon.

关 键 词：煤 活性炭 吸附 化学活化 

分 类 号：TQ424.1[化学工程]