深圳坝光红树林沉积物和植物多环芳烃的分布  

Distribution of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons(PAHs) in the Sediments and Mangrove Plants at Baguang Wetland,Shenzhen

作　　者：曾小康[1] 李凤兰[1] 周凯 杨骏达 郝文龙[1] 昝启杰[1] 雷安平[1] 

机构地区：[1]深圳大学生命科学学院,广东深圳518060 [2]深圳市海洋与渔业环境监测站,广东深圳518067

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2013年第S2期368-373,共6页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31170491;30770393);深圳大学创新团队项目(T201203)

摘　　要：调查了深圳市坝光红树林表层沉积物、红树植物地下根及叶片中16种美国环保局优控多环芳烃(PAHs)的组成和含量,分析了沉积物及植物体中PAHs的来源。结果表明:表层沉积物中PAHs的总含量均值为996.0 ng/g干重(范围312.8~2 829.7 ng/g),通过反映PAHs来源的参数(菲/蒽、荧蒽/芘)的分析,推断坝光红树林表层沉积物中PAHs的来源为矿物燃料的热解。红树植物地下根PAHs的总含量均值为679.6 ng/g干重(范围439.6~957.5 ng/g),而红树植物叶片PAHs总含量均值为2 112.0 ng/g干重(范围1567.5~2847.4 ng/g)。PAHs总含量在不同样品材料中含量梯度是:叶】沉积物】根,说明红树植物叶片更容易积累PAHs。各材料样品中离村庄最近的B点其PAHs总含量均高于离村庄较远的A、C两点,说明村庄的生活垃圾排放或相关的矿物燃料的热解是该地PAHs污染的主要来源。沉积物及植物体中PAHs的组成及优势PAHs类似,但沉积物中高环PAHs的比例较植物体高(沉积物、地下根及叶片中高环PAHs的比例分别为49.2%,29.2%和37.1%),说明低环PAHs较易被植物吸收,而更多高环PAHs残留和积累在沉积物中。The concentrations of total Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons(PAHs) and 16 individual PAHs prioritized by USEPA in the surface sediments and mangrove plants of Baguang wetland were analyzed, and the sources of PAHs in the sediments and mangrove plants were discussed. The concentrations of total PAHs in the surface sediments ranged from 312.8 ~2829.7 ng/g dry weight with the mean value of 996.0 ng/g. The specific PAH ratios(such as Phe/Ant and Flu/Pyr) were calculated to estimate the source of PAHs contamination, results suggested that PAHs in the sediments of Baguang were derived from pyrolysis. The concentration of total PAHs in the roots of mangrove plants ranged from 439.6 to 957.5 ng/g with the mean value of 679.6 ng/g dry weight, while the concentration in leaves ranged from 1 567.5 to 2 847.4 ng/g with the mean of2 112.0 ng/g dry weight. The total PAHs concentration in different materials declined in the order of leaves, sediments and roots suggesting that PAHs can be accumulated in leaves. The total PAHs concentrations in Station B, which was near to Yanzao Village, were higher than those in the relative remote stations A and C, suggesting that the PAHs pollution at Station B was mainly due to domestic waste or related pyrolysis. The composition and the dominant PAHs were similar among the sediments, roots and leaves, while the percentages of high-molecular-weight PAHs in sediments are higher than those in the roots or leaves(49.2%,29.2% and 37.1% in sediments, root and leaves, respectively), indicating that low-molecular-weight PAHs may be easily absorbed by plant, whereas more high-molecular-weight PAHs were accumulated in sediments.

关 键 词：多环芳烃 红树林 深圳坝光 

分 类 号：X830.2[环境科学与工程—环境工程]