湘西某铅锌矿区居民自我报告患病与就医情况分析  

Investigation and Analysis on the Self-reported Health Status and the State of Seeking Medical Services of Local Residents in a Lead-zinc Mining Area of Xiangxi

作　　者：罗春霞[1] 方菁[1] 蔡超[1] 刘江[1] 

机构地区：[1]昆明医科大学公共卫生学院健康研究所

出　　处：《环境卫生学杂志》2013年第5期398-402,共5页JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE

基　　金：美国社会科学协会(Social Science Research Council)中国环境与健康项目(China Environment and Health Initiative)基金;湖南省凤凰县茨岩乡农村采矿业环境与健康跨学科研究项目

摘　　要：目的调查分析铅锌矿区居民自我报告的患病和就医情况,分析矿区环境污染对居民的影响。方法在矿区所在的村庄,采取逐村入户普查的方式每户随机抽取一名常住居民进行问卷调查。结果矿区居民自我报告患病种类顺位前三位为关节骨骼类疾病,肠胃疾病,心脑血管疾病。矿区居民患病后就医情况不容乐观,35.9%的人由于经济困难不去就医。结论矿区人群通过饮食途径等存在一定的由重金属污染所致的健康风险;矿区居民自我报告的疾病类型相对集中,呈现出一定的重金属污染特性;经济与医疗服务质量是影响当地矿区居民利用卫生服务的主要因素。Objectives To investigate the health status of local residents in a lead-zinc mining area of Xiangxi in order to analyze the health effect of environmental pollution. Methods The general situation and health status of residents in the mining area were investigated by interviewing one permanent inhabitant of each household and having the questionnaire filled. Results The top three disease types of residents in the mining area in recent ten years were osteoarthrosis,gastrointestinal diseases,cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. The medical service seeking of local residents was not optimistic,35. 9% of people did not see a doctor while symptoms appeared because of economic reasons. Conclusions The existence of health risks in local residents in the mining area was caused by heavy metal pollution through diets. The symptoms reported by local residents showed the characteristics of heavy metal pollution. Economic status of local residents and the quality of local medical service are the main factors that affect the residents in the mining area seeking health care services.

关 键 词：患病 就医行为 矿区居民 

分 类 号：R195.4[医药卫生—卫生统计学]