模拟降雨条件下红壤坡面硝态氮流失特征研究  

Characteristics of Nitrate Nitrogen Loss on Red Soil Slope under Simulated Rainfall Conditions

作　　者：任秀文[1,2] 李开明[1,2] 刘爱萍[1,2] 姜国强[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]环境保护部华南环境科学研究所国家环境保护水环境模拟与污染控制重点实验室,广东广州510655 [2]广东省水与大气污染防治重点实验室,广东广州510655

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2013年第S1期119-124,共6页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项资助项目(2009ZX07528-001);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务专项(zx_201005_11)

摘　　要：为了探讨硝态氮在地表径流中的流失规律,采用室内模拟降雨实验,分析了无植被5°红壤坡面在65mm/h和120mm/h雨强条件下的产流过程和硝态氮流失特征.结果表明:两种降雨强度下流量随降雨历时的变化曲线均符合Boltzmann(玻耳兹曼)方程,累积径流量与降雨时间呈极显著线性相关;两种降雨强度下坡面产流引起的硝态氮浓度变化规律也相似,可用三次多项式较好地拟合其变化过程,累积硝态氮产生量与降雨时间也呈现极显著线性相关;累积产流量与累积硝态氮流失量之间存在显著的线性关系.不同降雨条件下径流总量是导致地表径流中硝态氮流失量差异性极显著的主导因子.To study the mechanism of nitrate nitrogen loss along with runoff, through artificial simulated rainfall, the process of runoff and the characteristics of nitrate nitrogen loss were analysed on five degree red soil slope under rainfall intensities 65mm/h and 120mm/h separately. The results showed that the Boltzmann equation could be used to describe the relationships between the rainfall duration and the runoff discharge under two different rainfall intensities, and there was a highly significant positive linear correlation between the rainfall duration and the accumulated discharge. The changes of nitrate nitrogen concentration were similar under two different conditions and could be well fitted by cubic polynomial curve. The accumulated loss of nitrate nitrogen was positively and significantly correlated with the rainfall duration. There was a highly significant positive linear correlation between the accumulated discharge and the accumulated loss of nitrate nitrogen. The accumulated discharge of surface runoff was the dominant factor and played an important role in the amount of nitrate nitrogen loss under different rainfall intensities.

关 键 词：模拟降雨 红壤 硝态氮 流失特征 

分 类 号：S157[农业科学—土壤学]