珠江口持久性有机氯污染的水生生态风险研究  

Aquatic ecological risk assessment for persistent organochlorine pollutants at the Pearl River Estuary

作　　者：赵肖[1] 段丽洁 章斌[1] 刘明清[1] 

机构地区：[1]环境保护部华南环境科学研究所,广东广州510655 [2]中共广州市海珠区委党校,广东广州510235

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2013年第S1期220-225,共6页China Environmental Science

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务专项资金项目(zx_200809_009)

摘　　要：针对近海水环境中低剂量长期的持久性有机氯污染危害水生生物种群的生态风险,选择珠江口为研究对象,评价滴滴涕(DDTs)对带鱼种群的生态风险.在分析污染物在珠江口水环境中的迁移分布过程及珠江口水生生态系统的基本结构与功能的基础上,应用水生生物富集动力学模型分析污染物在水生生态系统中的迁移分布过程,确定风险受体的污染物富集量,并结合污染物慢性毒性的剂量——反应关系,应用定量生态学模型(Leslie模型)定量分析受体富集污染物的生态风险度.研究结果显示,珠江口区域环境内现存DDTs污染物对带鱼种群的生态风险最大影响体现在导致带鱼种群生物量在一个世代内变化1.3511%,处于可接受范围.研究构建出水生生态风险研究新模式,此模式在多介质环境持久性污染暴露的环境风险研究领域具备广泛的应用价值.Aimed at the aquatic ecological risk assessment of the persistent organochlorine pollutants(OCPs) in the nearshore marine environment, an ecological risk assessment method was established to estimate POPs threats to aquatic populations(Trichiurus haumela population) at the Pearl River Estuary, which was divided into five stages(risk source analysis, risk receptor estimation, exposure estimation, damage estimation and total risk assessment). Based on the risk source(DDTs concentration in the seawater and sediments) analysis and risk receptor(Trichiurus haumela population) estimation A bioaccumulation model was used to estimate the DDTs concentration in zooplankton, benthos, and fish and the Monte Carlo(MC) simulation method was used to analyze the uncertainty in the bioaccumulation process. Then the chronic toxicity dose-response relationship, estimated by ICE and ACE software, was used to calculate the mortality rates in different stages with the DDTs concentrations. Last, the demographic modeling(Leslie matrix) was used to assess the ecological risk of DDTs damage on the population. 1.3511% reduction in the biomass of the population was estimated for the maximum probability in 10,000MC simulations, which can be accepted. A new overall ecological risk assessment method was established, which can be used in environmental risk assessment of POPs exposure in multimedia environmental.

关 键 词：珠江口 水生生态风险 持久性有机氯污染物 滴滴涕 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]