柴油机顶隙柱塞泵特性模拟及试验研究  

The simulation and experimental study on the performance of top clearance plunger pump in diesel engine

作　　者：张杰忠 郑清平[1] 李博[1] 马春燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北工业大学能源与环境工程学院,天津300401

出　　处：《河北工业大学学报》2013年第5期45-49,共5页Journal of Hebei University of Technology

基　　金：天津市应用基础及前沿技术研究计划重点项目(09JCZDLC25800)

摘　　要：对柴油机供油系统分别匹配平顶和顶隙柱塞泵的供油特性和喷油特性进行模拟计算和试验研究.模拟计算结果表明,采用顶隙柱塞泵的供油提前量比平顶柱塞要大,且顶隙柱塞泵在一定转速范围能够达到喷油提前的目的.通过优化顶隙结构可以使喷油提前量比原结构增大2.2倍,提前的转速范围也有所扩大.试验结果表明,柴油机匹配顶隙柱塞泵比平顶柱塞泵的平均油耗要低1.4%左右,但自由加速烟度排放不理想.最后,用数值模拟的方法解释了自由加速烟度与喷油泵供油量之间的关系,并通过优化顶隙柱塞泵顶隙结构使其低速排放性能有所改善,但是低速排放性能和高速经济性很难同时兼顾.The characteristics of supply and injection character between the flat top and top clearance plunger pump are studied via simulation and experimental methods. The simulation results show that the relative advance of fuel supply of top clearance piston pump is bigger than that of the flat-topped plunger, and it can achieve injection advance. The amount of the injection advance can be increased by 2.2 times than before through optimizing the structure of top clearance. The experimental results show that the BSFC are reduced by 1.4% if the diesel engine matches the top clearance piston pump other than flat-top plunger pump, but the free accelerating smoke is not ideal. Finally, the relationship between free accelerating smoke and supply fuel of injection pump are explained by using numerical simulation method. The emission performance at low speed is improved through optimizing the top clearance structure, but it is hard to meet the low-speed emission and high-speed economy performance simultaneously.

关 键 词：柴油机 顶隙柱塞泵 数值模拟 试验 提前特性 自由加速烟度 

分 类 号：TK421[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]