舵轮式玉米免耕精量施肥播种机设计与试验  

Design and Experiment of Helm-shaped No-tillage Precision Fertilization Planter for Corn

作　　者：李复辉[1] 杜瑞成[1] 刁培松[1] 张银平[1] 崔强[1] 李腾[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东理工大学农业工程与食品科学学院,淄博255049

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2013年第S1期33-38,共6页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：山东省现代农业产业技术体系玉米创新团队建设项目

摘　　要：玉米播种过程中,由于种子与排种管、开沟器的碰撞和机组前进的共同作用,使得种子落地的位置随机,造成播种均匀性差问题,为此设计了舵轮式玉米免耕精量施肥播种机,主要由秸秆粉碎还田与苗带清整装置、舵轮勺盘式穴播器等组成。舵轮勺盘式穴播器由舵轮式穴播器和勺盘式排种器集成在一起,发挥勺盘式排种器精量取种和舵轮式穴播器定点投种的优势,实现玉米等株距精量播种。采用秸秆粉碎还田与苗带清整装置旋出施肥沟,由外槽轮排肥器完成施肥。通过田间试验表明:播种、施肥平均深度分别为52.1 mm、70.5 mm,出苗率达到95%,提高了播种质量,较好地满足了我国北方一年两熟区保护性耕作技术的需求。The seeds always collided with the seeds tube and opener during the process of seeding.Due to the combined effect of the collision and machines forward,the landing position of the seed was random,which resulted in lower uniformity.To solve this problem,a helm-shaped no-tillage precision fertilization planter for corn was designed.It was mainly composed of crush straw and seedlings zone cleaning device and helm dipper disk type of dibber.The helm dipper disk type of dibber was integrated by the steering wheel of dibble and dipper disk seeding device.The steering wheel of dibble could take the seeds accurately and the dipper disk seeding device could throw seeds in fixed points,so that the precision sowing was realized.The fertilizer ditch was generated by the crush straw and seedlings zone cleaning device.The fertilization was completed by the outer sheave of fertilizer device.The result of field experiments showed that the average depth of sowing and fertilization were 52.1 mm and 70.5 mm,and the germination rate was improved to 95%.It satisfied the requirements of conservation tillage technology in the experimental area.

关 键 词：玉米免耕播种机 舵轮勺盘式穴播器 精量播种 

分 类 号：S223.23[农业科学—农业机械化工程]