禾本科牧草种子收获机设计与试验  

Design and Experiment on Gramineous Herbage Seed Harvester

作　　者：王全喜[1] 马卫民[1] 王振华[1] 刘志刚[1] 杨莉[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业机械化科学研究院呼和浩特分院,呼和浩特010010

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2013年第S2期96-101,共6页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2011BAD20B00);农业部草原畜牧业装备技术重点实验室资助项目(2012NJ-001);太阳能干燥技术装备国家地方联合工程实验室资助项目(2011SJ018)

摘　　要：针对禾本科牧草种子单位产量和种草比低,种子成熟后植株茎叶含水率较高,不适宜全喂入收获的特点,提出了割前脱粒收获原理,完成了采集器、刷辊等主要工作部件以及整机的结构设计和参数选择。试验结果表明:工作速度为9.0~9.7 km/h,收获披碱草、老芒麦和羊草的收获能力分别为2.8 hm2/h、2.8 hm2/h、2.6 hm2/h,梳刷损失率分别为1.41%~1.43%、1.33%~1.51%、1.54%~1.70%,收获披碱草的单位面积耗油量为24.6~25.6 L/hm2,收获机进口风速、泄风风速和排风风速分别为19.0 m/s、14.9 m/s、3.9 m/s。According to the harvest characteristics of low yield per unit and grass ratio of gramineous herbage seeds,high moisture content of plant stem and leaf when the seeds matured,and not suitable for all feed gain,the harvest principle of threshing prior to cutting was proposed.The main working parts,such as collector,brush roller and whole structure were designed.Also the parameters were selected.Test results listed as follows:the working speed of 9.0~9.7 km/h.When it was used to harvest elymus dahuricus,elymus sibiricus and Chinese wildrye,the harvest ability were 2.8 hm2/h,2.8 hm2/h and 2.6 hm2/h,respectively.The comb brush loss rate were 1.41%~1.43%,1.33%~1.51% and 1.54%~1.70% respectively.The fuel consumption of harvesting elymus dahuricus was 24.6 ~25.6 L/hm2.The imports of wind speed,leakage of wind speed and the exhaust wind speed of harvesting machine were 19.0 m/s,14.9 m/s and 3.9 m/s,respectively.

关 键 词：牧草种子 割前脱粒 梳刷 

分 类 号：S817.85[农业科学—畜牧学]