植物远缘杂交受精后生殖障碍及其克服方法  

The Post-fertilization Reproductive Barriers and Overcoming Methods of Horticultural Crops Distant Hybridization

作　　者：邓衍明[1] 叶晓青[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业生物学重点实验室江苏省农业科学院,江苏南京210014

出　　处：《华北农学报》2013年第S1期120-124,共5页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31101569);江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK2011673);江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目(CX(12)5025)

摘　　要：综述了近年来植物远缘杂交受精后生殖障碍的研究进展,对胚降解和杂种不育的特征特性与产生机理进行了分析;重点阐述了克服植物远缘杂交受精后生殖障碍的方法,包括幼胚拯救(子房、胚珠和胚培养)以克服胚败育、染色体加倍以克服杂种不育及化学处理、回交等其他方法;最后指出利用蛋白质组学技术并整合分子生物学研究手段,以阐明胚胎败育的分子机理,应是未来植物远缘杂交研究的重点方向。The research progress of distant hybridization in the field of plants breeding in recent years was re -viewed comprehensively .The characteristics and mechanisms of post-fertilization barriers were analyzed on the view of embryo abortion and hybrid sterility .Meanwhile ,the effective methods to overcome these barriers were mainly re-viewed,including embryo rescue(Ovary,ovule and embryo culture) to prohibit its abortion,doubling chromosomes to restore its fertility and other methods such as chemical treating and back-crossing.At last,the future research em-phasis in this field was suggested as revealing the molecular mechanism of embryo abortion in distant hybridization by using the proteomics combined with molecular physiological methods .

关 键 词：远缘杂交 生殖障碍 受精后障碍 胚胎败育 杂种不育 

分 类 号：S334.3[农业科学—作物遗传育种]