梯度复合Whipple防护结构的超高速撞击实验  

Hypervelocity impact experiments on new gradient Whipple shield structure

作　　者：黄鑫[1] 凌中[1] 刘宗德[2] 张虎生[1] 戴兰宏[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院力学研究所非线性力学国家重点实验室,北京100190 [2]华北电力大学电站设备状态监测与控制教育部重点实验室,北京102206

出　　处：《爆炸与冲击》2013年第S1期92-98,共7页Explosion and Shock Waves

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(11132011;11021262;11002144);国家自然科学基金委员会与中国工程物理研究院联合基金项目(10976100);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2009CB724401;2012CB937500)

摘　　要：利用二级轻气炮在撞击速度3.5和5.5km/s下对3种防护结构(两种梯度复合Whipple防护结构以及传统Whipple防护结构)进行了超高速撞击实验,并利用SEM对前板冲孔进行了微观观测。实验结果表明:采用非晶合金复合的梯度防护结构,在弹丸撞击速度为3.5和5.5km/s时,防护性能均优于传统Whipple防护结构;而采用陶瓷复合的梯度防护结构,则在弹丸撞击速度为5.5km/s时具有明显的优势。通过量纲分析,获得了影响梯度复合Whipple防护结构防护性能的重要量纲一参数,揭示梯度层的存在,可有效提高弹丸破坏数,从而提高新结构防护性能。The protective capability of a new gradient Whipple shield structure was investigated.The new structure consists of a gradient bumper at some stand-off distance from a rear wall.Different from a traditional monolithic LY12Al bumper,the gradient bumper is a double-layer structure in which a coating of metallic glass or ceramic is deposited on a substrate of LY12Al alloy.To evaluate the performance of this new shield structure,hypervelocity experiments were conducted on two new Whipple shields(with different coating materials)and one traditional shield using a two-stage lightgas gun at the velocities of 3.5and 5.5km/s.Damages including apenetration hole in the front bumper and craters on the rear wall were studied.The results show that the protective capability of the new shield with Fe-based metallic glass coating is higher than that of the traditional one at the velocities of both 3.5and 5.5km/s,and the shield with ceramic coating is apparently better than the traditional one at the velocity of 5.5km/s.A dimensional analysis of the parameters involved in the hypervelocity impact indicates the important dimensionless parameters that influence the performance of the new shields.It is found that the gradient bumper can increase the damage number of the projectile,therefore the new shield structure can provides higher protection level than the traditional one.

关 键 词：固体力学 非晶合金 陶瓷 超高速撞击 空间碎片 WHIPPLE防护结构 

分 类 号：V416.8[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]