PI空心微球改性聚氨酯阻尼材料的制备及性能  

Preparation of Polyurethane Damping Material Modified by PI Hollow Microspheres

作　　者：曹巍[1] 周成飞[1] 翟彤[1] 王连才[1] 酒永斌[1] 翟宇[1] 曾心苗[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市射线应用研究中心辐射新材料北京市重点实验室,北京100015

出　　处：《材料保护》2013年第S2期11-13,共3页Materials Protection

摘　　要：阻尼材料是一种能吸收机械振动能并将之转化成热能而耗散的功能材料。目前各个领域对阻尼材料的综合性能要求越来越高。在某些特殊领域应用时,要求阻尼材料具有阻尼、阻燃功能于一体。通过本体法聚合反应,利用聚酰亚胺(PI)空心微球对聚氨酯(PU)热塑性弹性体材料进行改性,形成具有阻燃层和阻尼层的一体阻尼材料,对阻尼复合材料性能进行了测试。结果表明:(1)通过PI微球改性,能够制备具有阻尼层和阻燃层于一体的多功能阻尼材料;(2)添加PI微球提高了材料的隔热性能;(3)从阻尼层到阻燃层,复合材料的硬度、密度呈降低趋势;(4)复合材料阻尼层的阻尼因子最大值为0.45,阻尼因子大于0.35的温度范围为17~75℃。阻燃层氧指数大于30%;(5)通过显微镜观察,复合材料的2个功能层分布明显。Damping materials are functional materials,which are able to absorb mechanical vibration energy and change vibration energy into heat. Along with the development of material science,the performance of damping materials increasingly demands. Some specific areas require damping materials with damping and flame retardant functions in one. In this study,thermoplastic polyurethane elastomers( TPUs) modified by polyimide( PI) hollow microspheres were prepared through bulk polymerization method. The properties of the damping composite materials were studied. The results showed that:(1) multifunctional damping material with fire-retardant features could be prepared by addition of PI microspheres.(2) The addition of PI microspheres improved insulation properties of the damping material.(3) The density and hardness of the composites decreased from damping layer to flame retardant layer.(4) Damping factor of the damping layer could be up to 0.45,the damping factor was greater than 0.35 when the temperature ranged from17 ℃ to75 ℃. Limiting oxygen index of retardant layer was over30%,which showed the layer had good flame retardant properties.(5) It was obviously that composite material was distributed into two functional layers proved by a scanning electron microscope.

关 键 词：聚酰亚胺空心微球 阻尼材料 聚氨酯 性能 

分 类 号：TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]