戏曲写作与戏曲体演变——古代戏曲史一个冷视角探论  

Chinese Drama Writing and the Evolution of the Drama Genre

作　　者：李昌集[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏师范大学文学院

出　　处：《文艺理论研究》2014年第6期104-129,共26页Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

基　　金：国家社科基金重大招标项目"中国诗词曲源流史"[项目编号:11ZD&105]子项目"诗词曲源流史通论"的阶段性成果

摘　　要：古代戏曲写作与文体意义上的戏曲体研究,至今仍是戏曲研究中的一个冷视角。本文从戏曲写作的角度,对古代戏曲体予以发生学和类型学研究,提出中国古代成熟的戏曲形态,是通过文人戏曲写作整合市井伎艺生成的;从叙述方式和叙述结构的角度,分析南宋至元"戏文体"、杂剧"关目体"和明清"传奇体"的基本特征;将古代戏曲体大致分为两种基本文体类型:其一是基于传奇思维的"传奇体";其二是基于"诗性思维"的"诗剧"体,古代戏曲体的大框架乃是一种"剧"与"诗"的"复合体";古代戏曲体的生成和演变,是在文人戏曲写作与表演方式的同构中发生并完成的。古代戏曲体雅俗复合的深层底蕴是雅俗文化的复合,是古代戏曲研究中值得深入展开的课题。The researches on Chinese drama style and the drama writing have much to be desired in the scholarship on ancient Chinese drama studies. This paper approaches the genre of Chinese drama from the perspectives of genetic and typological relationships,and it proposes that Chinese ancient drama form matures as the result of literati's integrating folk arts into the drama writing. In terms of narrative methods and structure,the paper analyzes the essential features of drama-prose style( xiwen) from the Southern Song to Yuan Dynasties,the plot-content style( guanmu) in the variety drama( zaju) and the legend style( chuanqi) in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The different styles of drama texts are divided into two genres. One is the legend genre which is written as a legend,while the other genre is poetic drama which is written with a poetic thinking. Chinese ancient drama texts are a combination of dramatic plot with poetry,which gradually mature through the collaboration between literati's writing and the performance practice.

关 键 词：戏曲写作 戏曲体 演变 雅俗复合 

分 类 号：I207.37[文学—中国文学]