体育锻炼降低大学生吸烟依赖性：自我控制的中介作用  

Physical Exercise Decreases the Smoking Dependence of College Students——Mediation Effect of Self-control

作　　者：朱风书[1,2] 周成林[1] 王碧野[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海体育学院,上海200438 [2]扬州大学体育学院,扬州225009

出　　处：《体育与科学》2014年第6期109-113,118,共6页Sports & Science

基　　金：上海市科委重点支撑项目,项目号:13490503600

摘　　要：为了探讨体育锻炼促进自我控制的提升,从而降低大学生吸烟依赖性,本文以自我控制为中介作用,运用体育锻炼等级量表(PARS-3)、大学生自我控制量表、Russell吸烟原因问卷(RRSQ)等测量工具,采用分层随机抽样的方法选取某大学一、二、三年级的1500名学生进行问卷调查。研究结果发现:大学生总体吸烟依赖性处于较低水平,体育锻炼量处于中等程度;男生的体育锻炼量与吸烟依赖性均显著大于女生;体育锻炼量高的大学生的自我控制能力显著优于锻炼量少和中等锻炼量的大学生,体育锻炼量高的大学生吸烟依赖性也显著低于另外两组;自我控制与吸烟依赖性呈现负相关(r=-0.404),体育锻炼量与吸烟依赖性之间存在负相关(r=-0.241),体育锻炼量与自我控制之间呈现正相关(r=0.233);体育锻炼影响吸烟依赖性是通过自我控制这一中介变量起完成的。结论:体育锻炼是预防和缓解吸烟依赖性的有效手段,体育锻炼缓解吸烟依赖是通过提高自我控制能力这一中介变量来实现的,因此,有效地提高大学生自我控制能力,才能更改变大学生的不良习惯。The aim of this study was twofold .Firstly ,it was designed to investigate the relationship between the physical exercise and the smoking dependence of college students .Secondly ,the mediation effect of self -control in the relationship between the phys‐ical exercise and the smoking dependence was also investigated .A total of 1500 students were assessed by Physical activity rate scale (PARS -3) ,Self -Control Scale and Russell Reason for Smoking Questionnaire (RRSQ) .Our results showed that 1) for college students ,the smoking dependence was low and the physical exercise volume was at a moderate level .2) Significantly ,the physical exercise volume and smoking dependence of male students were all bigger than that of female students .3) There is a negative corre‐lation between self -control and smoking dependence .Also ,a negative correlation between the physical exercise volume and smoking dependence was found .And there is a positive correlation between physical exercise volume and self -control .4) The effect of phys‐ical exercise volume on smoking dependence could partly be explained by the mediation effect of self -control .In conclusion ,physical exercise has positive effect on reducing the smoking dependence .Self -control takes partial mediation effect in this relationship .

关 键 词：大学生 体育锻炼 吸烟依赖性 自我控制 中介作用 

分 类 号：G804.8[文化科学—运动人体科学]