政府应承担何种福利责任?——公民福利态度的影响因素分析  

What responsibilities should be taken by the government?An analysis of factors influencing welfare attitude in European countries

作　　者：黄叶青[1] 余慧[2] 韩树蓉 

机构地区：[1]同济大学经济与管理学院 [2]上海立信会计学院文法学院 [3]陕西师范大学国际商学院

出　　处：《公共行政评论》2014年第6期88-106,165,共19页Journal of Public Administration

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目"我国迁移群体的福利态度及福利不平等问题研究"(12CSH085);浦江人才计划(12PJC070);上海晨光计划(12CG22);2012年同济大学校级文科项目"福利权利与公民责任:欧盟内部福利态度的比较与诠释";上海市财政专项经费项目"企业社会法律环境研究中心学科建设"(14-1638-14-11);上海立信会计学院社工硕士点培育学科建设项目(14-1612-04-1534)

摘　　要：政府究竟应承担何种福利责任?1970年代福利危机后,欧洲福利国家一直在反思该问题。通过选取ISSP"社会不平等"数据中的典型国家——英国、德国、瑞典和匈牙利——进行研究,论文发现由政府承担福利责任已经在不同福利体制国家中达成共识,绝大多数公民都赞成由政府承担福利责任。尽管如此,公民对政府应承担何种福利责任的态度仍然表现出差异性。论文发现福利体制并不是解释公民福利态度的唯一影响因素,个人自利与社会分层因素,对社会公平现状的判断也同样对福利态度有影响,而且影响的大小和方向根据不同的福利问题表现出差异性。由于福利态度被视为影响社会政策制定的重要因素之一,因此探讨福利态度及其影响因素对了解民意,制定合理的福利政策具有积极的意义。What are the government's responsibilities?The welfare crisis of the 1970 s made European countries re- think this question. By analyzing four countries / regions,the UK,Western Germany,Sweden and Hungary,it is found that a consensus has formed:even among different welfare states,each government has major responsibilities in welfare areas. However,welfare attitudes vary among the four countries. The welfare regime is not the sole explanation for an attitude towards welfare. Other factors,including self- interest,social stratification and judgment on the status quo of equality,also affect welfare attitudes. The significance and direction of each factor depends on different situations. However,welfare attitude is an important concern. and influences the social policy making process. Discussing how the welfare attitude is influenced will help policies be made more reasonably.

关 键 词：福利态度 欧洲 福利国家 福利体制 

分 类 号：D57[政治法律—政治学]