马氏珠母贝4种壳色家系遗传差异的SSR分析  

Genetic Diversity of the Four Shell Color Families of Pinctada martensii by SSR Marker System

作　　者：白成[1] 刘志刚[1] 吴灶和[1] 孙宗红 刘付少梅 

机构地区：[1]广东海洋大学水产学院,广东湛江524025 [2]湛江银浪海洋生物技术有限公司,广东湛江524022

出　　处：《广东海洋大学学报》2014年第1期48-53,共6页Journal of Guangdong Ocean University

基　　金：国家星火计划项目(2011GA780001);广东省科技计划项目(2010B020201014);广东省海洋与渔业局项目(A201108A04)

摘　　要：采用6对微卫星分子标记,分析了马氏珠母贝(Pinctada martensii)白、黑、黄、红4种壳色家系的遗传结构。结果表明:4种壳色家系在6个位点的平均等位基因数为4.17,有效等位基因数为1.297~1.819;平均观测杂合度为0.083~0.212,平均期望杂合度为0.207~0.341;Shannon多样性指数为0.366~0.616;平均多肽信息(PIC)含量为0.257~0.442;4个壳色家系哈-温平衡指数均发生了极显著的偏离,4个家系间的群体再分效应的固定指数FST值为0.113~0.793;与马氏珠母贝普通养殖群体及壳色选育系F5相比,4种壳色家系之间遗传距离变大,遗传多样性降低。According to different shell color phenotypes of Pinctada martensii, the shell color was purified by group of hybridization and continuous progeny selection and distinct Pinctada martensi selection strains with four shell colors(white, black, yellow, and red) were acquired, then the microsatellite DNA technique was applied to estimate genetic structure of four shell color families of Pinctada martensii. By using six microsatellite loci, genetic parameters were calculated as followed:the average effective numbers of alleles of the four families were from 1.297 to 1.819. The average expected heterozygosity and the average observed heterozygosity were 0.207~0.341 and 0.083~0.212, respectively. PIC values were between 0.257~0.442. Shannon's diversity was 0.366-0.616.The indices of Hardy-Weinberg were highly significant deviation in four color families. FST values between four families were from 0.113~0.793. Genetic distance become larger, four families have lower genetic diversity. The results serve as reference for the purification of shell color and genetic breeding. Comparing ordinary breeding groups with shell selection strains F5, Genetic distance between four shell color families became larger and genetic diversity was lower. The results provide reference for the purification of shell color and genetic breeding.

关 键 词：马氏珠母贝 壳色 家系 SSR 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]