铝/钢异种金属电弧辅助激光对接熔钎焊方法  

Method of fusion-brazed butt joint between aluminum alloy and galvanized steel by arc-assisted laser

作　　者：樊丁[1,2] 王斌[1,2] 李春玲[1] 黄健康[1,2] 余淑荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]兰州理工大学省部共建有色金属先进加工与再利用国家重点实验室,兰州730050 [2]兰州理工大学材料科学与工程学院,兰州730050

出　　处：《焊接学报》2015年第1期15-18,58+113,共6页Transactions of The China Welding Institution

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51465031);甘肃省自然基金资助项目(1308RJZA158);甘肃省青年科技基金计划资助项目(145RJYA305)

摘　　要：采用小功率TIG焊电弧辅助激光热源进行5A06铝合金和热镀锌钢ST04Z对接熔钎焊工艺试验,获得表面成形连续、美观的焊缝.采用SEM,EDS,XRD,拉伸试验机、显微硬度计对熔钎焊接头的微观组织和力学性能进行了研究.结果表明,与单纯激光相比,电弧辅助激光热源改变了焊接过程的温度场分布,从而促进液态铝向钢侧的铺展,所得对接接头最大抗拉强度可达到163 MPa,约为5A06铝合金母材抗拉强度的74%,是激光焊接头强度的1.3倍.接头过渡层形成的金属间化合物以脆硬的Fe2Al5,Fe4Al13为主.拉伸断裂起始于脆性的金属间化合物层,终止于韧窝断裂.Butt fusion-brazed joint between SA06 aluminum alloy and ST04 Z steel sheets was obtained by low power arcassisted laser.The welding seam had continuous and beautiful surface appearance.The microstructure and mechanical properties of fusion-brazed butt joint were studied by using SEM,EDS,XRD,tensile testing machine and micro hardness tester.The results show that,compared with a single laser,arc-assisted laser could promote the spreading of liquid aluminum to steel by adding arc heat.The maximum tensile strength of butt joint can reach to 163 MPa,about 74%tensile strength of 5 A06 aluminum alloy,which also is 1.3 times of the single laser-welded joint strength.Intermetallic compounds in transition layer of butt joint were mainly composed of rigid Fe_2Al_5 and Fe_4Al_(13).Tensile failure began in the rigid intermetallic compound layer and ended in tenacious fracture.

关 键 词：铝钢 电弧辅助激光 对接 熔钎焊 

分 类 号：TG456.7[金属学及工艺—焊接]