蒙脱土/聚丙烯复合材料结晶形态及耐电树枝化特性  

Crystallization morphology and electrical tree resistance characteristics of montmorillonite/polypropylene composites

作　　者：迟晓红[1] 俞利[2] 郑杰[3] 高俊国[1] 张晓虹[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨理工大学工程电介质及其应用教育部重点实验室,哈尔滨150080 [2]西南电子设备研究所,成都610036 [3]江西省电力公司检修分公司,南昌330000

出　　处：《复合材料学报》2015年第1期76-84,共9页Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51077029);黑龙江省研究生创新科研项目(YJSCX2012-080HLJ)

摘　　要：为了改善聚丙烯(PP)的耐电树枝性能,以有机化蒙脱土(MMT)作为纳米填充相,马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯(PP-g-MAH)作为相容剂,采用熔融插层一步法和二步法制备了MMT/PP复合材料。分别利用偏光显微镜(PLM)及差示扫描量热(DSC)曲线观测了PP及MMT/PP复合材料的结晶形态及结晶过程,采用SEM考察了MMT在复合材料中的分散状态。通过电树枝引发实验,探究了制备方法及结晶形态对复合材料耐电树枝化性能的影响。实验结果表明:采用熔融插层二步法制备的MMT/PP复合材料,其无机相分散较均匀,结晶尺寸减小,结晶结构由球晶转变为片晶的堆叠,结晶度提高了约2.7%;在PP试样中,电树枝长度较长且分枝较少,而MMT/PP试样中电树枝转变为长度较小且分枝较多的稠密结构。In order to improve the electrical tree resistance of polypropylene(PP),montmorillonite(MMT)/PP composites were prepared by one-step and two-step melting intercalation processes,in which the organic MMT as the nanophase and the maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene(PP-g-MAH)as the compatibilizer.The crystallization morphology and crystallization process of PP and MMT/PP composites were studied by polarizing microscopy(PLM)and differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)curves.SEM was used to observe the dispersion state of MMT in composites.The influence of preparation process and crystallization morphology on property of electrical tree resistance was investigated by electrical tree initiating test.The test results indicate that the inorganic phase disperses more uniformly,crystallization size decreases and the spherulites become into lamellar crystallization stacks in MMT/PP composites which was prepared by two-step melting intercalation process,and the degree of crystallinity increases about 2.7%.The length of electrical trees are longer and it has less divarication in PP specimen,and characteristics of shorter and denser shape with more divarication are found in PP/MMT samples.

关 键 词：蒙脱土 聚丙烯 复合材料 二步熔融插层法 结晶形态 等温结晶过程 耐电树枝化特性 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]