杂草稻苗期强竞争性的生理机制  

Physiological mechanisms of strong competition of weedy rice at seedling stage

作　　者：刘睿[1] 强胜[1] 宋小玲[1] 陈世国[1] 戴伟民[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学杂草研究室,南京210095

出　　处：《植物保护学报》2015年第1期138-144,共7页Journal of Plant Protection

基　　金：国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303022);转基因生物新品种培育科技重大专项(2013ZX08011001);国家自然科学基金(30800604)

摘　　要：为揭示杂草稻比栽培稻苗期生长迅速的机制,随机选择均匀分布于江苏省6个市的杂草稻样品和典型粳稻品种日本晴(Nipponbare),比较了其连续7 d的种子萌发率以及在14、21、28、35 d的幼苗株高变化和光合作用原初反应指标之间的差异。结果表明,江苏省6个市的杂草稻样品均比栽培稻提早2 d萌发,且均未表现出休眠性。杂草稻苗期株高在第35天时,均显著高于栽培稻。在播种后14、21、28和35 d,杂草稻光合作用原初反应的7个指标均高于栽培稻,说明杂草稻苗期具有强光合性能。研究表明,江苏省杂草稻比栽培稻早2 d萌发,至少播种后14 d苗期光合效能开始高于栽培稻,播种后28 d左右株高开始显著高于栽培稻。The differences between weedy rice and rice cultivar in seed germination,seedling height,and primary reaction of photosynthesis were compared,and the mechanisms of rapid growth ability of weedy rice were studied. Samples of weedy rice were randomly selected from six evenly distributed cities in Jiangsu Province with a typical japonica rice cultivar Nipponbare as the control. Seed germination rate was recorded consecutively for seven days. Seedling height and primary reaction parameters of photosynthesis were recorded after 14,21,28,35 days,respectively. The results showed that weedy rice from six selected cities all germinated two days earlier than rice cultivar. No weedy rice showed dormancy trait in Jiangsu. All weedy rice seedlings are taller than rice cultivar 35 days after sowing( DAS). Seven primary reaction parameters of photosynthesis in weedy rice were all higher than those of rice,suggesting the higher photosynthesis ability in weedy rice. The weedy rice in Jiangsu germinated two days earlier than rice cultivar,and had higher photosynthesis ability by 14 DAS,which might lead to significantly taller seedling height 28 DAS.

关 键 词：直播田 杂草稻 苗期 快速叶绿素荧光 除草剂 

分 类 号：S451[农业科学—植物保护]