改良剂对不同性质镉污染土壤中有效镉和小白菜镉吸收的影响  

Effects of Soil Amendments on Cd Bioavailability to and Uptake by Brassia chinensis in Different Cd-contaminated Soils

作　　者：代允超[1] 吕家珑[1] 刁展[1] 刘金[1] 安伟强[1] 陈曦[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院农业部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2015年第1期80-86,共7页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：农业部公益性行业专项(200903015)

摘　　要：采用盆栽试验,研究了施用石灰、鸡粪、泥炭、石灰+鸡粪、石灰+泥炭处理对4种外加镉污染土壤上小白菜生物量、镉吸收量以及土壤有效镉含量和p H的影响。结果表明,各改良剂单施和有机物料+石灰配施均可以显著提高小白菜生物量,小白菜生物量较对照提高11.76%~59.38%,且改良剂配施效果优于单施;改良剂单施处理对小白菜的增产效果是鸡粪>泥炭>石灰,单施石灰能显著提高南方酸性土上小白菜生物量,对北方碱性土小白菜生物量影响不显著。与不施改良剂的对照相比,施用改良剂的处理明显降低了小白菜对镉的吸收量和土壤有效镉含量,且改良剂配施的效果好于单施,土壤有效镉含量较对照降低31.2%~67.0%;比较单施有机物料或单施石灰,在南方酸性土壤上,单施石灰效果好于单施有机物料,在北方碱性土上,单施有机物料效果则好于单施石灰。另外,在对土壤p H的影响上,单施鸡粪或石灰,鸡粪+石灰和泥炭+石灰四个处理均可以显著提高土壤p H,增幅在0.15~2.16个单位,且石灰、鸡粪+石灰和泥炭+石灰效果好于鸡粪处理,泥炭处理对南方酸性土p H影响不大,但可以降低北方碱性土的p H。Reducing bioavailability of heavy metals in soils is crucial to prevent heavy metal from entering the food chain. A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of five amendments, lime(L), chicken manure(F), peat(T), lime+chicken manure(LF), lime +peat(LT), on biomass and Cd uptake of Brassia chinensis, soil p H and available Cd in 4 different Cd contaminated soils including Yunnan lateritic red soil, Jiangxi red soil, Jilin black soil and Neimeng chestnut soil. The results indicated that all treatments except L significantly promoted the biomass of B. chinensis by 11.76% ~59.38%, compared with the control treatment. Lime could significantly promote the B. chinensis′s growth only in acidic soil. The growth promotion of amendments was in order of F>T>L. Soil available Cd and Cd uptake by Brassia chinensis were significantly decreased by applying amendments. Soil available Cd was decreased by 31.2% ~67.0%. These inhibitory effects were greater in mixed amendments(LF and LT) than in single amendment(F, T, L). Among three amendments, lime was the best for acidic soils, while chicken manure and peat were superior for alkaline soils. Treatments of LF, LT, F and L significantly increased soil p H by0.15~2.16 units, while applying T significantly decreased the p H of alkaline soil.

关 键 词：改良剂 土壤 小白菜 镉 PH 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X56