太湖底泥多环芳烃分布及来源解析  

Spatial Distribution and Source Apportionment of PAHs in Sediments from Taihu Lake

作　　者：武婷 刘贵荣[2] 田瑛泽[2] 杨勇[3] 贾晓波[4] 张远[4] 郭昌胜[4] 

机构地区：[1]天津市环境保护宣传教育中心,天津300191 [2]南开大学环境科学与工程学院,天津300071 [3]中国环境监测总站,北京100012 [4]中国环境科学研究院环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室,北京100012

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2015年第1期124-129,共6页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家自然基金资助项目(51178438);环境保护公益行业科研专项(201209053,201309031)

摘　　要：对29个太湖底泥样品中16种多环芳烃(PAHs)含量进行了调查,对其空间分布及来源进行了分析。结果表明,16种PAHs中15种被普遍检出(苊烯在大部分底泥中未检出),ΣPAHs浓度范围为255.1~1059.4 ng·g-1,平均580.5 ng·g-1;苯并(b)荧蒽浓度水平最高,平均浓度均超过80 ng·g-1,是太湖底泥中含量较高的污染物。空间分析表明,湖边采集的底泥中PAHs浓度较高,湖心底泥中PAHs浓度较低。利用低环/高环比值法、等级聚类法、PCA-MLR模型解析法分析了污染源类型及贡献,结果表明,太湖底泥中PAHs的主要来源是汽油、柴油燃烧源以及煤、木材燃烧源,其中汽油、柴油燃烧源的分担率为53%,煤、木材燃烧源的分担率为46%。利用苯并(a)芘当量浓度(Ba PE)对PAHs毒性进行评估,结果表明Ba PE浓度为(50.37±19.70)ng·g-1。Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)are ubiquitous in nature, and are of environmental concern. In this study, a total of 29 sediment samples from the Taihu Lake were used to investigate the spatial distribution and possible sources of 16 priority PAHs. The ratio method, Hierarchical cluster analysis, and Principal Component Analysis with Multiple Linear Regression(PCA-MLR)were employed to determine the potential sources and to quantify their contributions to PAHs in the sediments. The sum of 16 PAHs(ΣPAHs)ranged from255.1 to 1059.4 ng·g-1, with an average concentration of 580.5 ng·g-1. Bb F was the most abundant PAH compound in the sediments, with the average concentration greater than 80 ng·g-1. The concentrations of PAHs were higher at the side of the lake than at the lake center.Gasoline and diesel emissions were the most significant contributors(53%)to PAHs, followed by coal and wood combustions(46%). In addition, Ba PE was applied to assess the carcinogenic risk of PAHs in the sediments. The calculated Ba PE were(50.37±19.70)ng·g-1, suggesting the potential risk from the sediments. These results would advance our understanding of pollution status and sources of PAHs in the Taihu sediments, which may help propose control measures for PAHs in the sediments.

关 键 词：多环芳烃 源解析 因子分析-多元线性回归 太湖 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]