不同牧鸡密度对沙草地土壤养分状况的影响  

Effects of Different Chicken Grazing Densities on Soil Nutrients of Sandy Grassland

作　　者：张显龙[1,2] 苏华[3] 李永庚[3] 汤洁[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学环境与资源学院,长春130026 [2]沈阳化工大学环境与安全工程学院,沈阳110142 [3]中国科学院植物研究所,北京100093

出　　处：《沈阳农业大学学报》2015年第1期42-47,共6页Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程项目(KZCX-YW-Q-13)

摘　　要：为研究草原牧鸡在不同密度和距鸡舍不同距离对沙草地养分的影响,以中国科学院植物研究所浑善达克沙地生态研究站草原牧鸡试验平台为依托,测试样地的土壤容重、pH值、铵态氮、硝态氮、全氮、有机质及速效磷等7项理化指标。测定的数据经过Excel处理后,采用SPSS 18.0软件中的单因素方差分析(One-Way ANOVA)方法对土壤7项理化指标的显著性进行分析。结果表明:放牧密度和距鸡舍不同距离土壤容重低于对照,放牧密度的处理间土壤容重差异不显著,但距离对土壤容重有显著影响;pH值始终在9.0~9.5之间,放牧密度和距离对pH值没有显著影响;草原牧鸡显著增加了土壤铵态氮、硝态氮、全氮、有机质及速效磷的含量,且距鸡舍2m处的含量高于其他距离,但综合分析放牧密度和距离各指标间差异不显著。草原牧鸡改善了沙草地土壤的理化性质,增加了土壤的养分含量。Based on the free-range chickens test platform of hunshandake sand ecological research of Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy Sciences, the effects of soil nutrient of sandy grasslands were observed under different chicken densities and distances from the chichen coop. Soil capability, pH value, ammonium nitrogen, nitrate, total nitrogen, organic compounds and available phosphorus in soil were tested and were analyzed by Excel and One-Way ANOVA of SPSS 18.0 software. The results showed that values of soil capability affected by different densities of chicken grazing and distances of chicken coop were lower than those of the blank, different of soil capability among the treatments had no significance, but distance had sigificant influence on the soil capability. pH value was always between 9.0-9.5. Grazing density and distance had no significant influence on pH value. Chicken grazing increased content of ammonium nitrogen, nitrate, total nitrogen, organic compounds and available phosphorus in soil significantly. The contents at two meters away from chicken house were higher than at other distance.However, difference of comprehensive analysis of grazing density and distance between the indexes was not obvious. As a result,chicken grazing improved physicochemical properties of sandy grassland soil, and increased soil nutrients.

关 键 词：草原牧鸡 放牧密度 铵态氮 硝态氮 有机质 全氮 速效磷 

分 类 号：S812.2[农业科学—草业科学]