氨茶碱对急进高原大鼠部分生理病理变化的影响  

Effect of aminophylline on physiological and pathological changes in acute exposure to high altitude in rats

作　　者：王昌[1,2] 王荣[1,2] 谢华[1] 尹强[1] 贾正平[1,2] 李文斌[1] 王延玲[1,2] 鹿辉[1] 陶锐[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]兰州军区兰州总医院全军高原环境损伤防治重点实验室,兰州730050 [2]兰州大学药学院,兰州730000

出　　处：《中南大学学报（医学版）》2015年第1期39-45,共7页Journal of Central South University ：Medical Science

基　　金：国家科技部重大资助项目(2008ZXJ09014-010);全军医药科研"十二五"重点项目(BWS12J012);全军医药科研"十二五"面上项目(CWS11C231)~~

摘　　要：目的:观察平原Wistar大鼠急进实地4 300 m海拔高原后,氨茶碱药物干预对急进大鼠体内部分病理生理指标的影响及其意义。方法:将21只成年健康Wistar大鼠按体质量随机分为平原组(海拔55 m)、高原缺氧组(海拔4 300 m)、高原缺氧+氨茶碱组(海拔4 300 m),连续给药5 d后,取眼眶静脉丛血2 m L分析其主要生化指标,同时解剖大鼠,取腹主动脉血1 m L分析其主要血气指标,完整摘取脑、肺、肝组织进行病理切片观察。结果:与平原组相比,缺氧组与给药组乳酸脱氢酶(lactate dehydrogenase,LDH)、碱性磷酸酶(alkaline phosphatase,ALP)、尿素(urea solution,Urea)、血清氯离子浓度(serum chloride concentration,c Cl-)均明显升高(P<0.01),白蛋白(albumin,ALB)、肌酐(creatinine,Cr)、血氧饱和度(oxygen saturation,Sat O2)、血红蛋白(hemoglobin,Hb)、红细胞压积(hematocrit value,Hct)、二氧化碳分压(partial pressure of carbon dioxide,Pa CO2)、氧分压(partial pressure of oxygen,Pa O2)、缓冲碱(buffer base,BB)、剩余碱(blood base excess,BE)等指标均明显降低(P<0.01),与缺氧组相比,给药组Cr、酸碱值(p H)、Hct、血清钠离子浓度(cerum sodium concentration,c Na+)、c Cl-均明显升高(P<0.01),门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(aspartate transaminase,AST)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(alanine aminotransferase,ALT)、ALB、Pa CO2、血清钾离子浓度(serum potassium concentration,c K+)均明显降低(P<0.01或P<0.05)。病理结果显示:缺氧组和给药组脑、肺、肝组织与平原组相比均有明显损伤,而给药组与缺氧组相比,损伤有所减轻。结论:氨茶碱能够通过改变急进大鼠的血气、生化指标状态,保护大鼠脑、肺、肝功能,减轻急进高原造成的损伤,其机制可能与氨茶碱舒张支气管平滑肌,改善机体通气量以及抗炎作用有关。Objective: To observe the effect of aminophylline on physiological and pathological changes in acute exposure to high altitude in rats.Methods: A total of 21 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into a plain group(altitude 55 m), a high altitude hypoxia group(altitude 4 300 m), and a high altitude hypoxia plus aminophylline group. After 5 days, blood from orbital venous was collected for analyzing biochemical parameters. Blood from abdominal aorta was collected for analyzing the parameters of blood gas. The tissues of brain, lung, and kidney were dissected for pathological observation.Results: Compared with the plain group, the parameters of LDH, ALP, Urea and cC l-in the hypoxia group or the aminophylline treatment group were significantly increased(P<0.01), while the parameters of ALB, Cr, SatO2, Hb, Hct, PaCO2, PaO2, BB and BE were significantly reduced(P<0.01). Compared with the hypoxia group, the parameters of Cr, pH, Hct, cN a+, c Cl-in the aminophylline treatment group were significantly increased(P<0.01), while AST, ALT, ALB, PaCO2 and cK + were significantly decreased(P<0.01 or P<0.05). Pathological results showed the brain, lung and liver tissues were obviously damaged in the hypoxia group compared with that in the plain group. These damages were significantly attenuated by aminophylline.Conclusion: Aminophylline can improve blood gas and biochemical parameters in acute exposure to high altitude in rats. It can protect rat brain, lung and liver from the damage caused by acute high altitude, which may be related its effects on relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle and inhibition of inflammation.

关 键 词：急进高原 氨茶碱 血气分析 生化分析 病理 

分 类 号：R594.3[医药卫生—内科学]