不同农艺措施下的扁穗牛鞭草产量及其养分在山羊瘤胃中的降解率  

Grass yield,nutrient content and ruminal degradability of Hemarthria compressa with different agronomic measures

作　　者：张进国 田力 雷荷仙 吴仙[3] 韩勇[3] 

机构地区：[1]贵州省铜仁市畜牧兽医局,贵州铜仁554300 [2]贵州省思南县青杠坡农机服务中心,贵州思南565100 [3]贵州省畜牧兽医研究所,贵州贵阳550005

出　　处：《草业科学》2015年第4期620-627,共8页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：贵州养羊常用草料饲用价值评定及微生物处理技术集成(黔农科院院专项[2010]045);贵州省农业科技园区项目(黔科合nz字[2012]3027号);生物技术提高秸秆饲料利用率的研究与推广应用(黔科合NY[2009]3058)

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究种植密度、底肥及追肥3个因子对扁穗牛鞭草(Hemarthria compressa)产量的影响及其营养成分在山羊瘤胃中的降解率,为扁穗牛鞭草对山羊的饲用价值评定提供科学依据。通过正交试验设计L9(34)分析小区产草量,选择最优组合,测定其营养成分及其在山羊瘤胃内的降解率。结果表明,在保证灌溉和合理管理下,以行距×株距为40mm×30mm、每小区(18 m2)施底肥农家肥54kg+复合肥2.7kg、每次刈割后追施农家肥18kg+尿素0.16kg,年产草量最高,达到129.47 t·hm-2。以此小区中3次刈割的草样作为研究对象,分别测得第1茬的粗蛋白、中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维为12.04%、62.95%和48.42%,其粗蛋白比第2茬的高1.26%(P>0.05)、比第3茬的高20.04%(P<0.05);其中性洗涤纤维比第2茬的低3.50%(P>0.05)、比第3茬的低7.66%(P<0.05);其酸性洗涤纤维比第2茬的低3.20%(P>0.05)、比第3茬的低6.18%(P<0.05)。经过山羊瘤胃72 h培养,不同茬次扁穗牛鞭草的干物质、粗蛋白和有效降解率(ED)差异显著(P<0.05),第1茬的干物质的ED值为36.20%,比第2茬的高5.13%(P<0.05)、比第3茬的高6.91%(P<0.05);第1茬粗蛋白的ED值为45.10%,比第2茬的高2.88%(P>0.05)、比第3茬的高6.09%(P<0.05);第1茬有机质的ED值为50.50%,分别比第2茬的高2.43%(P>0.05),比第3茬的高3.91%(P>0.05)。由此可见,第1茬刈割的扁穗牛鞭草的营养成分及其瘤胃降解率表现最好,最适合于山羊饲料开发利用。To investigate the impact of planting density,base fertilizer and top dressing on yield and in situ digestibility of Hemarthria compressa,an orthogonal experimental design L9(34) was used to study the grass yield,screenning the optimal combination,and determine the chemical composition and degradability in the rumen of goat.The results showed that under appropriate irrigation and management conditions,planting density of 40mm ×30mm,manure 54kg·18 m-2+ compound fertilizer 2.7kg·18 m-2base fertilizer,manure 18kg·18 m-2+urea 0.16kg·18 m-2after each mowing dressing,the annual grass yield is the highest,reaching 129.47 t·ha-1.Nutrients of grass harvested by three cuttings were analyed.The CP,NDF and ADF of the fist cutting grass were12.04%,62.95% and 48.42%,respectively.The CP content of the first cutting was higher than that of the second cutting(P>0.05),and that of the third cutting(20.04%,P<0.05); The NDF was lower than that of the second cutting(3.50%,P>0.05),and that of the third cutting(7.66%,P<0.05); The ADF was lower than that of the second cutting(3.20%,P>0.05),and that of the third cutting(6.18%,P<0.05).After 72 h culture,the ED value of CP and DM in different cutting were significantly different(P<0.05).The first cutting ED value of DM was 36.20%,higher than that of the second cutting(P<0.05),and that of the third cutting(P<0.05); the first cutting ED values of CP was 45.10%,higher than that of the second cutting(P>0.05) and the third cutting; the first cutting ED values of OM was 45.10%,higher than that of the second cutting(P>0.05)and that of the third cutting(P>0.05).Thus,the nutrition and ruminal degradation rate of the first cutting H.compressa are better than the other cuttings,it can be used in goat feed.

关 键 词：扁穗牛鞭草 产草量 营养成分 瘤胃降解率 

分 类 号：S827.5[农业科学—畜牧学]