土地利用转型的生态系统服务价值效应分析——以湖南省为例  

Effects of land use transitions on ecosystem services value:A case study of Hunan province

作　　者：刘永强[1,2] 廖柳文[3] 龙花楼[1] 秦建新[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]湖南师范大学资源与环境科学学院,长沙410081

出　　处：《地理研究》2015年第4期691-700,共10页Geographical Research

基　　金：国土资源部公益性行业科研专项(201311038-03);国家自然科学基金项目(41171149;40971038);湖南省"十二五"重点学科项目

摘　　要：以1995年、2000年、2005年和2010年四期Landsat TM影像解译数据和社会经济数据为基础,借助Arc GIS分析手段,探讨了期间湖南省的土地利用转型情况。借鉴全球生态系统服务价值的最新研究成果,结合中国实际情况对生态系统服务价值系数进行了修订,进而对湖南省土地利用转型导致的生态系统服务价值变化进行了测度和分析。结果表明:1995-2010年,湖南省土地利用发生明显变化,主要表现为城乡建设用地增加及耕地和草地面积的减少;1995-2000年,湖南省生态系统服务价值略有提升,由8807.8亿元变为8829.5亿元,增加0.25%。但自2000年以后,生态系统服务价值持续下降,由2000年的8829.5亿元降至2010年的8770.9亿元,下降0.66%。最后,提出保障湖南省生态系统服务功能的土地利用优化配置建议。With the rapid development of Chinese economy, many negative effects of land use transitions under the pressure of rapid urbanization on local ecological system and environment have occurred. This paper examines the dynamic patterns of land use transitions in Hunan province, using high-resolution Landsat TM(Thematic Mapper) data in 1995, 2000, 2005 and2010, and socio-economic data from both research institutes and government departments, and assesses the changes of ecosystem services value(ESV) by drawing a connection between the observed land use dynamics and the evaluation of ESV, based on the latest research of Costanza et al. and some revisions adapted to the situation of China. The outcomes indicated that, during the period from 1995 to 2010, the land use changed significantly, characterized by the increase of construction land and the decrease of cultivated land and grassland; ESV of the study area decreased by 0.42%, from 880.78 to 877.09 billion RMB, due to the losses of large quantities of ecological land to construction land. Then, some of the major implications for improving the land use of Hunan province were discussed. The authors argue that it is fundamental to meet the demand of construction land for socio- economic development,meanwhile, to protect regional ecosystem services function and maintain its stability; only in this way Hunan province may realize the sustainable use of ecological resources in the process of rapid urbanization, as well as the integration of economic, social and ecological benefits.

关 键 词：土地利用转型 生态系统服务价值 生态环境 土地利用优化配置 湖南省 

分 类 号：F301.2[经济管理—产业经济] P208[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程]