纳米材料对污水/污泥厌氧消化系统影响的研究进展  

RESEARCH PROGRESS ON EFFECTS OF NANO-PARTICLES ON WASTEWATER / SLUDGE ANAEROBIC DIGESTION SYSTEM

作　　者：王涛[1] 张栋[1] 戴翎翎[1] 董滨[1] 刘志刚[1] 戴晓虎[1] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室,上海200092

出　　处：《环境工程》2015年第6期1-5,23,共6页Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家水专项课题(2013ZX07315-003);国家高科技研究发展计划(863计划)(2012AA063503);国际合作项目(2012DFG91380);国家自然科学基金(51408417)

摘　　要：随着纳米技术的广泛应用,越来越多的纳米材料进入污水/污泥中,对污水/污泥的厌氧消化过程产生一定的影响。综述了纳米材料特性利用在厌氧消化过程中产生的影响(吸附还原重金属,作为电子供体提高厌氧消化效能,降解难降解有机物,减少硫化氢等),以及纳米材料可能对厌氧消化系统微生物的影响(释放金属离子毒性,通过吸附作用包被微生物细胞,破坏细胞膜,引起遗传物质损伤等)。提出最大限度降低纳米材料对厌氧消化系统微生物危害以及利用纳米材料特性促进污水/污泥厌氧消化过程的可行性。With widely using of the nanotechnology,more and more nano-particles have entered into wastewater and sludge,which affect the anaerobic digestion process. Effects of nano-particles on anaerobic digestion process( adsorption and reduction of harmful heavy metals,enhancing methane production as electron donor,degrading refractory organics and reducing hydrogen sulfide) and the impacts of nano-particles on anaerobic microorganisms( releasing heavy metals toxicity,coating microbial cells by adsorption,damaging the cell membrane and DNA) were reviewed. In this paper,the strategies to reduce the harm of anaerobic microbes by nano-particles were discussed,in order to improve the anaerobic digestion of wastewater / sludge by taking advantage of nano-particles characteristics.

关 键 词：污泥/污水 厌氧消化 纳米材料 作用机理 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]