饲养水平对肉用绵羊空怀期和泌乳期营养物质消化代谢的影响  

Effects of Different Feeding Levels on Digestion and Metabolism of Meat Ewes during Non-pregnancy and Lactation

作　　者：楼灿[1] 姜成钢[1] 马涛[1] 纪守坤[1] 陈丹丹[1] 邓凯东[1] 屠焰[1] 张乃锋[1] 刁其玉[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院饲料研究所农业部饲料生物技术重点开放试验室,北京100081

出　　处：《畜牧兽医学报》2015年第3期407-415,共9页ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA

基　　金：国家现代肉羊产业技术体系(CARS-39)

摘　　要：本试验采用饲粮梯度饲喂法,旨在研究不同饲养水平下,杜泊×小尾寒羊杂交母羊空怀期和泌乳期对主要营养物质的消化代谢特点。选取15只健康的杜寒杂交母羊做同期发情处理,分娩后根据随机区组设计按体重分为3个处理组(自由采食,80%自由采食和60%自由采食),每个处理5只母羊;另安排9只同龄同品种未配母羊为空怀母羊组。在泌乳期20、50和80d分别进行消化代谢试验。结果,随着饲养水平的降低,中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)和氮(N)表观消化率显著升高(P<0.05)。乳氮随着饲养水平的下降有下降的趋势(P>0.05),随着泌乳期的延长显著降低(P<0.05);沉积氮、沉积氮/进食氮和沉积氮/消化氮均随着饲养水平的下降显著降低(P<0.05)。氮表观消化率在泌乳期显著高于空怀期(P<0.05),且随着泌乳期的延长呈下降趋势,在空怀期和泌乳第20、50、80天时分别为45.21%~51.34%、73.72%~82.71%、72.79%~80.51%、73.57%~76.47%。饲养水平显著影响饲粮主要营养物质表观消化率(P<0.05);泌乳显著提高母羊对营养物质的消化利用(P<0.05)。Utilizing the gradient method,this experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different feeding levels on digestibility of main nutrients in Dorper× Small-tailed Han crossbred ewes during non-pregnancy and lactation.Fifteen healthy ewes were selected for estrus synchronization,after parturition,these ewes were assigned into 3groups according to the weight with randomized block design,one group in ad libitum feeding,and the other 2groups in eighty percents(80%)or sixty percents(60%)of ad libitum feeding.In addition,nine non-pregnant ewes at the same age and breed were selected into blank group.Digestibility trials were performed on the 20,50 and 80day of lactation,to determine the digestion characteristic of main nutrients.The results showed that the apparent digestibilities of neutral detergent fiber(NDF),acid detergent fiber(ADF)and nitrogen(N)of non-pregnant and lactating ewes significantly increased with decreasing feeding levels(P<0.05).There was a declining trend in milk nitrogen with decreasing feeding levels(P>0.05),but it significantly decreased with lactation progress(P<0.05).Thenitrogen retention(RN),RN/NI(nitrogen intake)and RN/DN(digested nitrogen)decreased significantly with the decreasing feeding levels(P<0.05).The apparent digestibilities of nitrogen in lactation were significantly higher than that in non-pregnancy(P<0.05),what is more,there was a declining trend with lactation progress.The apparent digestibilities of nitrogen during the period of non-pregnancy,20,50 and 80day of lactation were 45.21%-51.34%,73.72%-82.71%,72.79%-80.51%,73.57%-76.47%,respectively.Feeding levels significantly influence the main nutrient digestion and excretion of Dorper× Small-tailed Han crossbred ewes during non-pregnant and lactating(P<0.05).Lactation significantly improves the digestion and utilization of nutrients(P<0.05).

关 键 词：母羊 肉羊 空怀期 泌乳期 消化代谢 氮代谢 

分 类 号：S826[农业科学—畜牧学]